An accurate guideline for IV management that the nurse should consider are listed below:
installing a main IV bag and priming it.prepping and hanging a backup IV bagdetermining IV ratesIV treatment efficacy is being tracked.removing a peripheral IV.What is IV therapy?IV treatment is administered through injection using a syringe or infusion, sometimes known as a drip. IV therapy is the quickest means to administer drugs, blood products, and other substances into the circulation to aid in the treatment of numerous health disorders, dehydration, and blood transfusions.
Depending on a number of various variables, including the kind of IV package, level of hydration, and body's natural metabolic rate, the effects may persist for up to a few days after the treatment is complete. It takes us 45 to 60 minutes to complete an IV treatment on average.
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a mother brings her 6-year-old child to the pediatric clinic, stating that the child has not been feeling well, is weak and lethargic, and has a poor appetite, headaches, and smoky-colored urine. what additional information should the nurse obtain that will aid diagnosis?
The additional information given by the patient include strep throat in the past two weeks that lead nurse to suspect glomerulonephritis.
What is glomerulonephritis?It is the inflammation of tiny filters inside the kidney (glomeruli). It is mainly caused by the attack of own immune system on the healthy body tissue.
Symptoms of glomerulonephritis:
Pink or smoky-colored urine from red blood cells in the urineFoamy or bubbly urine due to the presence of excess urine (proteinuria).High blood pressure (hypertension)Fluid retention (edema) with swelling in face, hands, feet, and abdomen.Urinating less than unusalNausea and vomitingHeadache, lethargyToxins, metabolic wastes, and excess fluid are not filtered in the urine and they build up in the body causing swelling and fatigue in the patient suffering with glomerulonephritis.
Let us discuss other options:
A rash on the hands and feet is associated with scarlet fever, not glomerulonephritis.Shoulder and knee pain is associated with rheumatic fever, not glomerulonephritisWeight loss generally occurs in children with type 1 diabetes, not in those with glomerulonephritis.Hence, strep throat in past two weeks is the additional information used in the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis.
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daniel smith is a 44-year-old man who was diagnosed with adhd-inattentive subtype in college, but has not taken medication for the last several years. he is seeking treatment now because of declining work performance following a promotion 7 months ago. specifically, he complains of difficulty finishing papers and staying focused during meetings and fears that his boss is losing confidence in him. assessment confirms a diagnosis of adhd-inattentive subtype. after 2 months treatment on a therapeutic dose of a long-acting stimulant, he states that his focus, sustained attention, and distractibility are much better, but that he still can't get organized and that it takes him longer to complete tasks than it should. would it be appropriate for the pmhnp to raise the dose of the stimulant to address his residual symptoms?
A 44-year-old man has ADHD-inattentive subtype from college, but has not taken medication for several years. It would not be appropriate to raise the dose of the stimulant to address his residual symptoms.
Why would it not be appropriate to raise the dose of stimuli for residual symptoms?Dose response studies of stimulant medications suggests that optimal dose varies across individuals and depends on the domain of function. Higher doses may lead to greater improvement of some domains but not executive function.
If medication dose is high enough to diminish symptoms of inattention and distractibility, then executive function needs to be addressed independently and will not response to higher dose.
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a client seen in the clinic has an immune deficiency involving the t-lymphocytes (t-cells). the nurse should educate the client about which risks associated with this deficiency?
Use a mask during influenza season as the client's risk of catching a virus has increased.
What is the function of T lymphocytes?The immune system's T lymphocytes are formed by stem cells found in bone marrow. They may aid in the fight against cancer and safeguard the body from infection. also known as a thymocyte and a T cell.
What do T lymphocytes produce?The two primary categories of lymphocytes are T cells & B cells. Antibody molecules made by B cells can attach to and kill invasive viruses and bacteria. T cells are now the immune system's first line of defense against foreign invaders. It also create cytokine, that are biological agents that aid in the activation of other immune system components.
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a client had a previous myocardial infarction and has been experiencing angina from occluded coronary arteries. what teaching should the nurse provide in the stable phase of the trajectory model of chronic illness?
The nurse advises the patient to give up smoking. In general, the objectives of chronic care do not include improving cognition, quality of life, preventing secondary illnesses, or curing patients.
What is the chronic disease self-management model?The Self Management of Chronic Conditions (SMoCC) service seeks to enhance participants' quality of life by empowering them with the self-management abilities needed to slow the advancement of their chronic disease and assist them in navigating the healthcare system more effectively.
What causes a myocardial infarction primarily?A myocardial infarction, is also known as a heart attack, occurs when the blood supply to a portion of the heart muscle is inadequate.The more time that goes by without receiving care to improve blood flow, the more damage the heart muscle sustains.
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which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to identify in a client experiencing spinal shock
A client who is having spinal shock would likely have fluctuating body temperature, according to the nurse.
What program is ideal for nursing?Undoubtedly, the B.sc. Nursing program is superior to general midwives if a person wishes to have a distinguished career in the field of healthcare (GNM). The value of a B.sc. Nursing degree exceeds that of a General Nursing (GNM) programme in terms of job growth, further education, and remuneration.
Can nurses perform surgery?They are already in charge of many aspects of preoperative planning, particularly postoperative care in surgery. Additionally, a lot of surgical nurses working opt to specialize in a certain field, including obstetrics, children's surgery, or heart surgery.
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a nurse provides teaching to a patient with allergic rhinitis who will begin using an intranasal glucocorticoid. which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching? a. if the glucocorticoid causes burning or itching, i should use it every other day. b. i should use a decongestant if necessary before using the glucocorticoid. c. i should use the glucocorticoid whenever i have symptoms. d. i will probably develop systemic effects from the topical glucocorticoid.
b. i should use a decongestant if necessary before using the glucocorticoid statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching.
For a patient with allergic rhinitis, what patient education should you provide?The significance of preventing allergen exposure is one of the main areas of patient education. Patients should have a variety of strategies at their disposal to get rid of or reduce indoor allergens such dust mites, pet dander, and mold.
Finding the cause(s) of the condition and, if feasible, eliminating or avoiding it(they) are the first steps in managing allergic rhinitis. Immunotherapy and medicines shouldn't be used in place of decreasing exposure to allergy triggers; instead, they should be used as supplements.
Singulair can help ease allergic rhinitis symptoms.
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in some occasions an individual with stomach cancer may have complete or partial removal of their stomach. resulting from the surgery, individuals may experience a syndrome due to the rapid gastric emptying into the small intestine. what is this syndrome called?
This condition is referred to as Dumping syndrome.
What happens once a stomach is removed due to cancer?When the stomach is partially or completely removed, the food that is ingested quickly enters the intestine, which can cause issues with nausea, diarrhea, sweating, and flushing after eating. Treatments are available to alleviate these symptoms.
What results in dumping syndrome after gastric bypass surgery?The thick bulk of food that enters your small intestine at an earlier stage of digestion can trigger early dumping syndrome. The release of gut hormones occurs when the intestines recognize that this food mass is too concentrated.
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the nurse witnesses the signature of a client who has signed an informed consent. which statement best explains this nursing responsibility?
The client voluntarily signed the form. The form was willingly inked by the customer.
What about nurses' roles and responsibilities?A person who looks after the sick or the impaired.A good health- care worker with moxie in promoting and maintaining health who works singly or under the supervision of a croaker , surgeon, or dentist.Compare certified practical nanny , registered nanny .A nurse is a person who has entered special training in minding for the ill and injured.In order to treat cases and keep them healthy and active, nurses unite with croakers and other healthcare professionals.Also, nurses give end- of- life care and support for bereft family members.They constantly communicate with cases first and, in some cases, are the only healthcare provider they will ever encounter.They help the cousins and communities of the sick, the injured, and the dying while also furnishing care, support, and treatment.Empathy with each case and a genuine attempt to put them in their cases' position are rates of a good nanny .Nurses who demonstrate empathy are more likely to treat their cases as" people" and concentrate on a person- centered care strategy rather than simply clinging to standard procedures.A specified nursing system may be followed with little to no variation to give introductory nursing care, and the case's responses to that care are predictable.Learn more about nurses here:
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a 75-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for altered mental status. he had been in his usual state of good health until this morning when a nurse at the long-term care facility where he lives noticed that he was confused. shortly after being admitted to the hospital, he became combative and had to be restrained. his bed linens have to be changed frequently because of urinary incontinence. which nursing diagnosis best describes this client's condition?
A 75-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for altered mental status and had been good health until this morning when nurse noticed he was confused, diagnosis is : functional incontinence.
What is functional Incontinence?Functional incontinence is the inability of a normally continent person to reach bathroom in time to avoid the unintentional pass of urine.
It occurs in both men and women with a normally functioning urinary system who have one or more limitations in mobility that impairs their ability to reach toilet in time.
Functional incontinence is treated by using behavioral methods that teach to urinate on a timed voiding schedule and also by modifying your environment so you use the toilet more quickly.
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a nurse is preparing a client for colon surgery. which teaching should the nurse provide first to prepare the client for what to expect after surgery?
Inhibiting peristalsis directly during abdominal surgery can result in a syndrome known as paralytic ileus. This brief halt often lasts 24 to 48 hours.
Which course of action ought the nurse to advise to support a patient's intestinal health?bulking up the diet with fibre. the patient receiving enemas as necessary. boosting activity and hydration intake. use a stool softener and bowel stimulant.
Why is it crucial to check your patient's bowel movements after surgery?Long before other symptoms show up, changes in the patient's bowel habits may suggest issues. For instance, before a patient vomits or complains of abdominal pain, the absence of bowel sounds following surgery can signify an ileus.
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the client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. she tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. the nurse suspects what has occurred
Five days have passed since the client started taking her antibiotic. The client may have developed a superinfection, the nurse believes.
Superinfection: What is it?The superinfection is a secondary infection that develops after an initial one, often brought on by a new microbial agent of genetic or environmental origin that is resistant to the anti-infection medication. One justification for avoiding needless antibiotic use is the possibility of superinfections, which are secondary infections caused by antibiotic use.
What does phage superinfection mean?A temperate phage has two options after infection: it can either destroy the host cell or stay alive as a prophage. In this condition, the prophage-carrying bacteria are susceptible to superinfection, in which a different phage involves inserting its genetic information and vies for the resources of the host cell.
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you are by the side of a 2-month-old baby who was born prematurely and is on an apnea monitor. while the patient is in your care, the apnea alarm emits a loud alarm. quick assessment of the baby reveals no respiratory activity. what would your immediate action be?
The immediate action will be to Start positive pressure ventilation
What is positive pressure ventilation?
Positive pressure ventilation is primary type of mechanical ventilation used today.
During positive pressure ventilation, ventilator forces air into the central airways and the resulting pressure gradient causes airflow into small airways and alveoli
What is apnea?
Apnea of infancy is defined as, unexplained episode of cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or longer, or shorter respiratory pause associated with bradycardia, cyanosis, pallor, and/or marked hypotonia
It's normal for infants to have short pauses in the breathing.
In infant apnea (ap-nee-uh), these pauses are too long, and heart slows down too much. This is more common in the premature babies born before 37 weeks. Apnea is a pause in the breathing.
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how many weeks a woman is pregnancy is usually the main factor in determining which abortion methods are practiced. the two main methods for abortion as outlined in the textbook are medical and
4 weeks a woman is pregnancy is usually the main factor in determining which abortion methods are practiced.
The two main methods for abortion as outlined in the textbook are medical and surgical abortion.
What is abortion procedure?The technique of abortion employed is determined on the stage of the pregnancy and the woman's health. More than 90% of all abortions are performed within 14 weeks following a woman's previous menstrual cycle. After 24 weeks, just 1 out of 10,000 procedures are completed.
A medical abortion is a method of terminating a pregnancy by inducing it with drugs within 49 days (7 weeks) after the previous menstrual cycle. Abortion pills are available in a clinic or doctor's office.
A surgical abortion is a pregnancy termination operation that involves removing the fetus and placenta from the mother's womb (uterus). This treatment is utilised for first trimester abortions, which are performed 6 to 14 weeks following the previous menstrual cycle. A medical setting, such as a hospital or abortion clinic, is used to carry out surgical abortions.
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which information would the nurse provide to adolescent boys regarding testicular self-examination and normal findings?
The optimal moment to undertake a testicular self-examination is right after a warm bath, when the perineal skin is relaxed. The testicle is a solid, palpably formed organ with smooth, egg-shaped features.
Can one testicle carry off a child?Yes, generally speaking, men with only one testicle can become pregnant. Keep in mind that one testicle can supply enough hormone for you to ejaculate and have an erection. Additionally, this is sufficient to generate enough sperm for fertilization.
How are testicles constructed?The tunica is a strong, fibrous covering of tissue that covers each testicle. The inner layer is known as the tunica albuginea, while the outer layer is known as the tunica vaginalis. There are lobules, which are segments of the testicle. Seminiferous tubules, tiny U-shaped tubes found within each lobule, are present.
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what action should be taken to avoid errors when calling in prescriptions to a pharmacy
mrs. laird is a 56-year-old postsurgical patient who has an unremarkable social and medical history. her surgeon has ordered fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia (pca) but mrs. laird admits to you that she is very reluctant to use it for fear of becoming addicted. how should you best respond to mrs. laird's concerns?
Your chances of developing a drug addiction with patient-controlled analgesia (pca) are quite minimal. I'll make a note for your doctor to check, if you can have non-narcotic painkillers for your discomfort.
What element lessens the spread of pain?The opioid family, which includes morphine, and heroin are the most effective ones for providing brief analgesia and pain relief in clinical settings.Acetaminophen: This medication dulls the brain's pain receptors. Consequently, you experience less discomfort. NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications Prostaglandin production is decreased by NSAIDs. These hormone-like substances aggravate nerve endings, resulting in swelling and discomfort.
What are the three different approaches to treating pain?medication for pain. bodily exercises (such as heat or cold packs, massage, hydrotherapy and exercise) psychosocial treatments (like cognitive behavioral therapy, meditation and relaxation techniques) Mind-body strategies
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the registered nurse (rn) is caring for a client with aplastic anemia who is hospitalized for weight loss and generalized weakness. laboratory values show a white blood count (wbc) of 2,500/mm3 and a platelet countof 160,000/mm3. which intervention is the primary focus in the client's plan of care for the rn to implement?
Maintain stringent safety measures. Obtained from the NGT, aspirated stomach contents should be checked for pH. drinking alcohol of any kind or eating foods high in tyramine.
Describe the stomach.One of the digestive system's organs. By combining food to digestive fluids but also kneading to a thin liquid, the stomach aids in food digestion.
Which side of the stomach is it on?A muscular organ, the stomach is situated upon that left portion of the upper intestines. Food enters the stomach through the esophagus. The lower esophageal sphincter, a muscle valve, allows food to enter the stomach as it comes to the end of the esophagus.
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in isotonic dehydration the greatest fluid loss is from the ecf. the nurse understands that this fluid loss from the ecf can result in which manifestation?
Which manifestation may be brought on by the ecf? a hypovolemic shock
What types of jobs are there for nurses?Registered nurses (RNs) supervise and carry out medical procedures, provide emotional support to patients' families, and inform the public about a range of health issues. In a variety of settings, the majority of registered nurses collaborate alongside physicians and other medical specialists.
A nurse would be able to complete the assignment, right?In addition to other post-operative surgical therapeutic responsibilities, they are in charge of these. The majority of surgical nurses specialize in cardiac, pediatric, or obstetric surgery.
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which definition is correct to explain the nursing process quizlet procedures to implement client care
The correct definition that explains the nursing process is sequence of steps used to meet the client's needs. The Option B is correct.
What is a nursing process?The nursing process functions mainly as a systematic guide to client-centered care with 5 sequential steps. These sequential steps includes assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
By using the nursing process, encourages the nurses to practice critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving and sharpens their decision-making abilities in clinical practice.
Missing options "(A.) procedures used to implement client care (B.) sequence of steps used to meet the client's needs (C.) activities employed to identify a client's problem (D.) mechanisms applied to determine nursing goals for the client (B.) sequence of steps used to meet the client's needs
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which label for identity status fits each of the following students? (1) jasmin is having trouble deciding on a career because she has so many interests; (2) carol is going to be a nurse because her family decided that was best; (3) ariesa doesn't have any interests and is frightened about the idea of being an adult.
Because Jasmin has so many interests, choosing a vocation is difficult for her. This designation for identification status applies to all of the following individuals.
How do I become a nurse in Holland?Having a European degree in nursing is a necessity. You must certify your nursing degree with Nuffic if it was earned outside of Europe. It may take up to four weeks to validate. Additionally, you should be proficient in English at least at the A2 level.
Is nursing hard to study?There is a great deal of material to study, the exams are difficult, the schedules are convoluted, as well as the assignments keep coming in. As both a student, all of these things may make life challenging for you. Starting with the application procedure, nursing is a very competitive field.
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the nurse educator is preparing to conduct a teaching session for the nursing staff regarding the theories of growth and development and plans to discuss kohlberg's theory of moral development. what information should the nurse include in the session? select all that apply
Answer:
Explanation:
When discussing Kohlberg's theory of moral development in a teaching session for nursing staff, the nurse educator should cover the key components of the theory and provide relevant examples to illustrate its concepts. Kohlberg's theory focuses on how individuals develop their moral reasoning and understanding of right and wrong throughout different stages of life. Here are the essential points to include in the session:
Three Levels of Moral Development: Kohlberg proposed three levels of moral development, each consisting of two stages. The levels are:
a. Pre-conventional Level (Stages 1 and 2): In this level, moral reasoning is based on self-interest and obedience to authority. Individuals follow rules to avoid punishment (Stage 1 - Punishment and Obedience Orientation) or to gain rewards (Stage 2 - Instrumental Relativist Orientation).
b. Conventional Level (Stages 3 and 4): Moral reasoning at this level is influenced by societal norms and values. Individuals seek approval and maintain social order. They behave in ways that conform to social expectations (Stage 3 - Good Interpersonal Relationships) or uphold laws and rules for the sake of society (Stage 4 - Maintaining the Social Order).
c. Post-conventional Level (Stages 5 and 6): This level involves more abstract and principled moral reasoning. Individuals at this stage focus on individual rights, social contracts, and ethical principles. They may question and challenge societal norms and laws based on their own sense of justice (Stage 5 - Social Contract and Individual Rights) or adhere to universal ethical principles, even if they conflict with societal rules (Stage 6 - Universal Ethical Principles).
Progression through the Stages: According to Kohlberg, moral development is a sequential process, and individuals typically progress through the stages in a fixed order. Advancement to higher stages is contingent upon cognitive and social development.
Cultural Influences: Kohlberg's theory acknowledges that cultural and environmental factors can influence an individual's moral development. Different cultures may emphasize specific values and ethical principles, leading to variations in moral reasoning.
Moral Dilemmas and Assessment: Kohlberg used moral dilemmas, such as the Heinz Dilemma, to assess individuals' moral reasoning. The response to these dilemmas provides insight into the individual's current stage of moral development.
Application in Nursing Practice: The nurse educator should discuss how understanding Kohlberg's theory can help nurses in patient care. By recognizing patients' moral development stages, nurses can tailor ethical discussions and decision-making support to align with the patients' cognitive abilities and values.
Ethical Decision Making: Kohlberg's theory highlights the importance of ethical decision making in nursing practice. Nurses can use the theory to guide discussions on complex ethical issues and assist patients in making informed decisions based on their moral reasoning.
Limitations and Criticisms: The nurse educator should also discuss the limitations and criticisms of Kohlberg's theory. These may include cultural bias in the assessment, gender differences in moral development, and the lack of attention to emotion and empathy in moral decision making.
By covering these key points, the nursing staff will gain a better understanding of Kohlberg's theory of moral development and its implications for ethical decision making in nursing practice.
on review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the admission was voluntary. based on this information, the nurse plans care anticipating which client behavior?
On review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the admission was voluntary. based on this information, the nurse plans care anticipating: A willingness to participate in the planning of care and treatment plan, this type of client behavior.
What is voluntary?The Latin term voluntaries, which means "of one's free volition," is where the word voluntary originates. A voluntary service is one that is done without any expectation of money in return. For example, if someone works for the community theater on a volunteer basis, that person is not compensated for their time.
Volunteering may help you develop new skills, experience, and even certificates. Accept a challenge. Volunteering allows you to push yourself to try new things, achieve personal objectives, practice utilizing your abilities, and find hidden talents.
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a nurse from the ambulatory surgical center is preparing discharge instructions for a client who has had pelvic surgery. which criterion would the client need to demonstrate to ensure that she is ready for discharge?
The client must show that she is prepared for a typical discharge of void.
What is referred to as surgery?Surgery may be performed on a person to diagnose or treat a clinical problem, including an illness or accident, to help improve physical appearance or function, or to mend unwanted ruptured parts. A medical specialty is surgery.
What are the three different forms of surgery?There are several surgical procedures, and they may be divided into groups based on how urgent they are. The labels Emergency, Urgent, Scheduled, and Elective were used by the Subject Areas Inquiry into Treatment Outcomes and Death (NCEPOD) to categorize the different forms of surgery.
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the nurse is caring for an 82-year-old client diagnosed with cranial arteritis. what is the priority nursing intervention?
The 82-year-old patient is being treated by the nurse for cerebral arteritis. The likelihood of developing vision loss or blood vessel rupture can be reduced by taking the corticosteroid as prescribed.
What exactly are corticosteroids and how do they work?Steroids, also referred to as corticosteroids, are an anti-inflammatory drug. They are recommended for a variety of ailments. They are synthetic versions of hormones that are typically produced by adrenal glands, two tiny glands located above the kidneys.
The safety of corticosteroids.Corticosteroids are frequently prescribed by doctors to treat illnesses including lupus, asthma, and hives because they reduce swelling and irritation. Although corticosteroids carry a risk with serious side effects, specifically if used long-term, they can significantly reduce symptoms.
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henry got up to exercise today but is still really sore from yesterday’s workout. what should he do?
He needs to rest and heal. Put heat on (carefully). Receive a massage. It can expand the range of motion in your joints, relax muscle tension, and improve blood flow. Take a pain reliever and take a leave from workout.
Can I work out if my muscles sore?According to Dr. Hedt, exercising when sore is acceptable as long as it doesn't impair your movement to the point where you have to make adjustments. Exercise can be discouraged by muscle soreness, but this is just temporary, and the more you exercise, the less you should experience it.
What is the ideal exercise regimen?Try a combination of three days of strength training, two days of cardio, and two days of active rest if you wish to exercise five days a week to improve both your cardiovascular and muscular strength.Consider your goals if you want to exercise four days per week: If you want to build muscle, skip a cardio day.
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the registered nurse (rn) is caring for an older client who has been bedridden for two weeks. which assessment findings indicate to the rn that the client is developing a complication related to immobility?
Joint stiffness is a warning symptom of muscular atrophy and nerve entrapment brought on by idleness and immobility.
What program is ideal for nursing?Undoubtedly, the B.sc. Nursing program is superior to general midwives if a person wishes to have a distinguished career in the field of healthcare (GNM). The value of a B.sc. Nursing degree exceeds that of a General Nursing (GNM) programme in terms of job growth, further education, and remuneration.
Can nurses perform surgery?They are already in charge of many aspects of preoperative planning, particularly postoperative care in surgery. Additionally, a lot of surgical nurses working opt to specialize in a certain field, including obstetrics, children's surgery, or heart surgery.
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a client is admitted to the orthopedic unit with a fractured femur after a motorcycle accident. the client has been placed in traction until the femur can be rodded in surgery. for what early complication(s) should the nurse monitor this client? select all that apply.
early complication(s) should the nurse monitor this client is Deep vein thrombosis , Compartment syndrome , Fat embolism.
What assessment findings of the leg are consistent with a fracture of the femoral neck?Over the femoral neck, there is noticeable tenderness to palpation. There could be swelling here as well. A femoral neck stress fracture may be indicated by increased discomfort at the extremes of hip rotation, an abduction lurch, and an inability to stand on the affected leg.
What do you understand when a patient is diagnosed with a fractured femur?The longest, strongest, and heaviest bone in the human body, the femur, breaks when it is shattered. Due to the size and strength of the femur, it typically takes a significant amount of force or damage to cause a fracture.
How would you manage a patient with fracture femur?Currently, intramedullary nailing is the procedure that most surgeons employ to treat femoral shaft fractures. A specifically crafted metal rod is placed into the femur's canal during this treatment. To hold the fracture in place, the rod crosses it.
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affter birth, a preterm infant received surfactant replacement therapy. the father questioned the nurse regarding the purpose of this therapy. what is the correct response by the nurse?
After birth, a preterm infant received surfactant replacement therapy. the father questioned the nurse regarding the purpose of this therapy: It allows the infant to expand his lungs more easily.
What is surfactant replacement therapy in newborns?For premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome, a disease defined by surfactant insufficiency, surfactant-replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment. Exogenous surfactant replacement reduces mortality and thoracic air leakage and is a regular treatment in the industrialized world.
When do babies need surfactant?Surfactant medication should be given to newborns who have or are at high risk of developing respiratory distress syndrome. Newborns under 26 weeks of gestational age and infants who need intubation in the birth room should get prophylaxis.
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when preparing a woman with suspected vulvar cancer for a biopsy, the nurse expects that the lesion would most likely be located at which area?
The most likely area to expect the lesions is : Labia majora
What are the symptoms of vu-lva cancer ?Bleeding, burning, or itching on the vulva that does not stop. changes in the vulva's skin tone, making it appear whiter or redder than usual.
The vulva experiences skin changes, such as growths that resemble warts or rashes. vulvar sores, lumps, or ulcers that do not heal.
Patches of skin that are raised and thickened and may be red, white, or dark in color. a growth that resembles a wart or lump on the vulva. bleeding from the vulva or bloody vaginal discharge in between periods. a vulvar open sore.
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a 42-year-old man with a past medical history of hypertension presents with intermittent fever of 6 weeks duration. he has an associated cough, dyspnea, anorexia, arthralgias, abdominal pain, diarrhea, a widespread rash throughout his body, and back pain. he has come to see you because he has experienced acute left upper and lower extremity weakness and painless hematuria since this morning. he denies chills, a history of travel, sick or confined contacts, exposure to animals, bites, stings, cigarette smoking, otalgia, sore throat, swollen glands, drug use, dysuria, preceding gi or gu infections, previous surgeries, or sexual contact in the past year. his physical exam is remarkable for fever, a generalized petechial rash and petechiae of the mucous membranes, dark red linear lesions of the nailbeds, tender subcutaneous nodules of the digital pads, and nontender maculae on the palms and soles. his heart is notable for a new harsh, medium pitched pansystolic murmur at the apex with radiation to axilla, reduced strengths to the left upper and lower extremities, and splenomegaly. question: what is the most likely diagnosis?
A 42-year-old man with past medical history of hypertension has intermittent fever of 6 weeks and has cough, anorexia, abdominal pain, a widespread rash, then diagnosis is : infective endocarditis.
What is infective endocarditis?
Endocarditis is life-threatening inflammation of the inner lining of the chambers and valves of heart and the lining is called endocardium. Endocarditis is caused by an infection. Bacteria, fungi or any other germs gets into bloodstream and attach to the damaged areas in the heart.
Acute bacterial endocarditis is caused by staphylococcus aureus bacteria and sometimes also by the bacterial strains brucella and listeria. This form of infective endocarditis is likely to affect normal heart valves as compared to other forms.
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