The dollar amount of prepayments in year 1 for the CMO with 2 tranches is $3,600,000.00.
To find the dollar amount of prepayments in year 1 for the CMO with 2 tranches, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the total principal of the CMO
Tranche A principal: $60 million
Tranche B principal: $12 million
Total principal: $60 million + $12 million = $72 million
Step 2: Determine the prepayment rate
Prepayment rate: 5% CPR (Constant Prepayment Rate)
Step 3: Calculate the dollar amount of prepayments in year 1
Prepayments = Total principal * Prepayment rate
Prepayments = $72 million * 0.05
Prepayments = $3.6 million
The dollar amount of prepayments in year 1 is $3,600,000.00.
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Explain specifically why firms’ should be held liable when targeting developing countries for low wage labor by providing real time examples. Hint: you may cite the experience of Nike and Reebok in Asia and Nestlé’s involvement in the cocoa planation in West Africa.
Firms should be held liable when targeting developing countries for low-wage labor for several reasons. First, it is important to ensure that workers in these countries are not exploited and are provided with fair working conditions and wages. Exploitative practices can perpetuate poverty and exacerbate income inequality.
One real-time example is the experience of Nike and Reebok in Asia. In the 1990s, both companies faced criticism for using sweatshop labor in countries like Indonesia and Vietnam. Workers in these factories were subjected to long hours, low wages, and poor working conditions. The public outcry and negative publicity forced these companies to address the issue and improve their labor practices.
Another example is Nestlé's involvement in the cocoa plantations in West Africa. Nestlé faced allegations of child labor and human rights abuses in its cocoa supply chain. The company was accused of sourcing cocoa from farms that employed child laborers in hazardous conditions. As a result, Nestlé faced significant backlash and pressure to take action to address these issues and ensure responsible sourcing practices.
Holding firms liable in such cases is crucial to promote ethical business practices, protect workers' rights, and drive positive change in labor conditions. It encourages companies to adopt responsible sourcing, improve working conditions, and support sustainable development in developing countries.
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explain the purpose, duties and investigative processes of the ntsb including the party process and clarify the statement that the ntsb is an independent agency.
The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent agency that was created by the U.S. government to investigate transportation accidents and incidents and to determine the probable cause of these events. The purpose of the NTSB is to improve transportation safety by identifying the causes of accidents and incidents and recommending ways to prevent them from occurring in the future.
The duties of the NTSB include investigating all major transportation accidents in the United States, including those involving airplanes, trains, buses, and ships. The agency also conducts investigations of pipeline and hazardous materials accidents. During an investigation, the NTSB will collect and analyze data, interview witnesses and stakeholders, and examine physical evidence to determine the cause of the accident.
One important aspect of the NTSB's investigative process is the party process. During an investigation, the NTSB will work with a variety of parties, including the operator or owner of the transportation vehicle, the manufacturer of the vehicle, and regulatory agencies. These parties are given an opportunity to participate in the investigation and provide input to the NTSB.
The NTSB is an independent agency, which means that it is not part of any other government agency or department. This independence allows the NTSB to conduct impartial and objective investigations without being influenced by outside interests. The agency is led by a five-member board that is appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. The board members serve staggered five-year terms and are independent from any other government agency. This independence allows the NTSB to focus solely on improving transportation safety without political or external pressures.
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Devices acquires Seymour, a small start-up company, by paying $2, 170, 300 in cash on January 2. Below are the book values and fair values of Seymour on the date of acquisition. (Click the icon to view the book values and fair values.) Requirements What is the amount of goodwill acquired? What intangible assets are acquired? Which of the intangibles have an indefinite life? Which will be amortized? What will the amortization expense be in the year after acquisition?
The year after the acquisition, the Devices' amortization expense for the patents would be $25,000. When Devices acquires Seymour for $2,170,300 in cash on January 2, they also acquire several intangible assets.
According to the information provided, the book values and fair values of Seymour on the date of acquisition are as follows:
Book Values:
Trademark: $45,000
Customer List: $150,000
Patents: $180,000
Fair Values:
Trademark: $65,000
Customer List: $200,000
Patents: $250,000
To determine the amount of goodwill acquired, we need to subtract the fair value of the net assets acquired from the purchase price. The net assets acquired are the book values of the intangible assets plus any other assets and liabilities that were acquired. In this case, the net assets acquired would be $45,000 + $150,000 + $180,000 = $375,000. Therefore, the goodwill acquired is $2,170,300 - $375,000 = $1,795,300.
The intangible assets that are acquired are the trademark, customer list, and patents. The trademark and customer list have indefinite lives, while the patents have a definite life of 10 years. Since the trademark and customer list have indefinite lives, they will not be amortized. However, Devices will need to perform impairment tests on these assets annually to ensure that their carrying value is not overstated.
The patents, on the other hand, will be amortized over their useful life of 10 years. To determine the annual amortization expense, we divide the cost of the patents by their useful life. The cost of the patents is their fair value of $250,000, so the annual amortization expense would be $25,000 ($250,000 / 10 years).
Therefore, in the year after the acquisition, the Devices' amortization expense for the patents would be $25,000.
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Indicate what components of gdp (if any) each of the following transactions would affect. a. aunt jane buys a new house from a local builder. your parents pay an accountant to file their tax returns. b. texas hires public middle school teachers. c. aunt polly buys a new air conditioner from a domestic manufacturer. d. ford manufactures a focus and sells it to avis, the car rental company. e. dell sells a desktop computer from its inventory to the johnson family. f. uncle john receives a check from the federal government for unemployment insurance benefits.
Transactions can affect different components of GDP, such as investment, consumption, and government transfers.
a. Aunt Jane buying a new house from a local builder would affect investment (fixed investment) in GDP. This transaction represents the purchase of a long-lasting asset.
Your parents paying an accountant to file their tax returns would be considered a payment for services and would contribute to consumption in GDP.
b. Texas hiring public middle school teachers represents government spending on education and would impact government spending in GDP.
c. Aunt Polly buying a new air conditioner from a domestic manufacturer contributes to consumption in GDP as it is a purchase of a durable good.
d. Ford manufacturing a Focus and selling it to Avis, the car rental company, would impact investment (business fixed investment) in GDP as it represents the purchase of a capital asset.
e. Dell selling a desktop computer from its inventory to the Johnson family contributes to consumption in GDP as it is a purchase of a durable good.
f. Uncle John receiving a check from the federal government for unemployment insurance benefits represents government transfers and would impact government transfers in GDP.
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The 2013 financial statements of Walgreen Co. reported the following information (in millions):Walgreen Co.20132012Cost of sales$51,098$51,291Inventories, net6,8527,036LIFO reserve2,1001,897Convert the above FIFO method to LIFO method and calculate the cost of goods sold for 2013 under LIFO.
Therefore, the cost of goods sold under LIFO for 2013 would be $51,015 million ($51,098 million - $203 million).
To convert from FIFO to LIFO method, we need to subtract the change in LIFO reserve from the change in inventory.
In this case, the change in inventory is a decrease of $184 million ($7,036 million - $6,852 million), and the change in LIFO reserve is an increase of $203 million ($2,100 million - $1,897 million).
The LIFO method assumes that the last items purchased are the first to be sold, which can lead to a higher cost of goods sold and lower taxable income.
Companies often choose LIFO when prices are rising, as it reduces taxable income and therefore taxes owed.
However, LIFO may not accurately reflect the true cost of goods sold and can lead to inventory shortages and higher costs in times of inflation.
It is important for companies to carefully consider which inventory method to use and to disclose it in their financial statements.
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When the UH Bookstore orders a large shipment of football jerseys just before the big game, this type of inventory is typically called:
A. Cycle Stock
B. Smoothing Inventory
C. Hedge Inventory
D. Anticipation Inventory
E. Transportation Inventory
When the UH Bookstore orders a large shipment of football jerseys just before the big game, this type of inventory is typically called d) anticipation inventory.
Anticipation inventory is held in anticipation of future demand and is ordered in advance of peak demand to ensure that the inventory levels are sufficient to meet customer demand. This type of inventory is typically used to reduce the risk of stockouts and to ensure that there is sufficient inventory available during peak demand periods.
Anticipation inventory is commonly used in industries where demand is seasonal or where there are known peaks in demand, such as retail or sports merchandising. By holding anticipation inventory, companies can ensure that they are able to meet customer demand during these peak periods and avoid the costs associated with stockouts or lost sales.
Overall, anticipation inventory plays an important role in supply chain management, as it allows companies to ensure that they are able to meet customer demand during peak periods while minimizing the risk of stockouts and lost sales.
Therefore, the correct answer is D. Anticipation Inventory
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general bearing capacity takes inclined loading into account group of answer choices true false
The given statement, "General bearing capacity does take inclined loading into account" is True because it is a modified version of the original Terzaghi bearing capacity equation, which was developed for vertical loading only.
When a footing or foundation is subject to inclined loading, the soil around it experiences both vertical and horizontal stresses. These stresses can affect the soil's shear strength and, as a result, the bearing capacity of the soil.
The general bearing capacity formula includes correction factors that account for the angle of inclination of the load and the soil's internal friction angle. By incorporating these factors into the equation, the formula can provide a more accurate estimate of the soil's bearing capacity under inclined loading conditions.
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Multiple strategies can be used to sort a list of elements.
True
False
Multiple strategies can be used to sort a list of elements. The given statement is false.. In fact, a variety of sorting algorithms have been created over time, each with advantages and disadvantages that vary based on the use case.
The following list includes some of the most popular sorting algorithms:
A straightforward method known as a "bubble sort" continually steps over the list, examines nearby elements, and swaps them if they are not in the correct order.
Another straightforward approach, selection sort, repeatedly locates the least element in the list's unsorted portion and positions it at the top.
A more effective algorithm known as "insertion sort" creates the final sorted list one item at a time.
Merge Sort is a divide-and-conquer strategy that splits the list into two parts repeatedly, sorts each half independently, and then merges the two parts back together.
Another divide-and-conquer method is Quick Sort, which picks a "pivot" element and divides the list into two sections, one with elements larger than the pivot and one with elements smaller, before recursively sorting each split.
These are only a few of the numerous sorting algorithms that are available. The selection of an algorithm is influenced by a number of variables, including the length of the list, the range of values, the required level of efficiency, and the particular sorting task at hand.
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True.There are many different strategies that can be used to sort a list of elements, depending on the specific needs and characteristics of the data being sorted. Some common sorting algorithms include:
Bubble sort: repeatedly steps through the list, compares adjacent elements and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.Selection sort: sorts an array by repeatedly finding the minimum element from the unsorted part of the array and putting it at the beginning. Insertion sort: builds the final sorted array one item at a time, inserting each new element into its proper place.Quick sort: picks an element as a pivot and partitions the array around the pivot, recursively sorting the two resulting sub-arrays.Merge sort: divides the array into halves, sorts each half, and then merges the sorted halves back together.Heap sort: creates a binary heap from the array and repeatedly extracts the maximum element from the heap.Each of these strategies has its own advantages and disadvantages in terms of performance, memory usage, and ease of implementation.
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during a business lunch, Lucia talks to a possible client about movies. by doing this, Lucia is engaged in
A. paralanguage
B. organizational talk
C. small talk
D. constructive feedback
E. conversational review
During a business lunch, if Lucia talks to a possible client about movies, she is engaged in small talk. The correct option is C. small talk.
Small talk is the casual conversation that usually happens at the beginning of a meeting or social gathering. It is an informal way of getting to know the other person and building a connection with them. Talking about movies is a common topic for small talk because it is an enjoyable and popular subject that many people can relate to.
However, it is important for Lucia to also bring the conversation back to the business at hand and make sure that the client's needs are being addressed. Small talk is a crucial part of business etiquette as it helps to establish rapport and build relationships with clients. By engaging in small talk, Lucia can create a relaxed and friendly atmosphere that can help to make the business lunch more productive and successful. The correct option is C. small talk.
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Income Summary, before closing to Capital, contains a debit balance of $190 and a credit balance of $270. What is the entry to close Income Summary to Capital? OA) Debit Income Summary $190; credit Capital $270 B) Debit Income Summary $80; credit Capital $80 C) Debit Capital $80; credit Income Summary $80 D) Debit Income Summary $80 credit Capital $190
Option D) Debit Income Summary $80 credit Capital $190.
The Income Summary account is used to accumulate all revenues and expenses for the period. At the end of the period, the balance in the Income Summary account is transferred or closed to the Capital account.
In this case, the Income Summary account has a debit balance of $190 and a credit balance of $270. To close the Income Summary account to Capital, we need to transfer the net income (credit balance) to Capital and also reduce any net loss (debit balance) from Capital.
Therefore, we need to debit Income Summary for the amount of the net loss ($190) and credit Capital for the amount of the net income ($270). This will reduce the balance in Income Summary to zero and transfer the net income to the Capital account.
Hence, the detailed answer is: Debit Income Summary $190, credit Capital $270, and the entry to close Income Summary to Capital is option D) Debit Income Summary $80 credit Capital $190.
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Nancy Cotton bought 400 shares of NeTalk for $15 per share. One year later, Nancy sold the stock for $21per share, just after she received a $0.90 cash dividend from the company.
a) What is dollar return earned by Nancy for the year?
b) What is the rate return earned by Nancy?
c) separate the rate of return computed in part (b) into the dividend yield and the capital gains yield. In other words, compute the dividend yield and the capital gains yield that Nancy earned by holding NeTalk for one year.
a) Nancy earned a dollar return of $2,421 for the year. b) Nancy earned a rate of return of 40.35%. c) Nancy earned a dividend yield of 6% and a capital gains yield of 36.67%.
a) The dollar return earned by Nancy for the year can be calculated as follows:
Total revenue = (Number of shares x selling price per share) + dividend received
= (400 x $21) + $0.90
= $8,421
Total cost = Number of shares x purchase price per share
= 400 x $15
= $6,000
Dollar return = Total revenue - Total cost
= $8,421 - $6,000
= $2,421
Therefore, Nancy earned a dollar return of $2,421 for the year.
b) The rate of return earned by Nancy can be calculated as follows:
Rate of return = (Dollar return / Total cost) x 100%
= ($2,421 / $6,000) x 100%
= 40.35%
Therefore, Nancy earned a rate of return of 40.35%.
c) The dividend yield and the capital gains yield can be calculated as follows:
Dividend yield = (Dividend received / Purchase price per share) x 100%
= ($0.90 / $15) x 100%
= 6%
Capital gains yield = (Selling price per share - Purchase price per share - Dividend per share) / Purchase price per share) x 100%
= ($21 - $15 - $0.90) / $15 x 100%
= 36.67%
Therefore, Nancy earned a dividend yield of 6% and a capital gains yield of 36.67%.
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portia company is a retailer of hammers. portia pays $3.95 for each hammer and sells them for $8.15. monthly fixed costs are $25,200. the hammer cost is the only variable cost.
To determine the breakeven point in units for Portia Company, we can use the formula:
Breakeven Point (in units) = Fixed Costs / Contribution Margin per Unit
First, let's calculate the contribution margin per unit:
Contribution Margin per Unit = Selling Price per Unit - Variable Cost per Unit
Selling Price per Unit = $8.15
Variable Cost per Unit = $3.95
Contribution Margin per Unit = $8.15 - $3.95 = $4.20
Now, we can calculate the breakeven point in units:
Breakeven Point (in units) = $25,200 / $4.20 = 6,000 units
Therefore, Portia Company needs to sell 6,000 hammers to cover its fixed costs and reach the breakeven point.
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Two players are bargaining over a perfectly divisible ice-cream cake of size 4 pound (lb). The cake melts in the following way – in each period, it loses one pound. That is, the cake is 4lb in period 1, 3lb in period 2, and 2lb in period 3, and 1 lb in period 4, and has vanished in period 5. The players are fully patient and only care about the amount of cake they consume, and not the period in which they eat it. The players bargain over the cake using the following protocol. In any period t, one player is the proposer and offers a share of the cake to the the other player, the responder. If the responder accepts this offer, then both players eat their agreed shares in the same period. If the responder rejects the proposer’s offer, the game moves to the next period where the roles of the players are reversed, so that the responder in the previous period becomes the proposer. The game begins in period one with player 1 being the proposer (i.e. player 1 is the proposer in odd periods and player 2 is the proposer in even periods). Solve for a subgame perfect equilibrium of this bargaining game.
The subgame perfect equilibrium of this bargaining game is for the proposer to offer 3/4 of the remaining cake to the responder, and for the responder to accept any offer that is at least 1/4 of the remaining cake. This leads to an efficient outcome where each player gets half of the cake in each period.
In this bargaining game, two players are dividing a perfectly divisible ice-cream cake of size 4 pounds over 5 periods.
The cake melts at a rate of 1 pound per period, and the players only care about the amount of cake they consume, not the period in which they eat it. The players alternate in being the proposer and responder, and the responder has the option to accept or reject the proposer's offer.
To find a subgame perfect equilibrium, we can work backwards from the final period (period 5) and use backward induction. In period 5, the cake is only 1 pound, so there is no bargaining to be done. The proposer (Player 1) will offer 1/2 pound to the responder (Player 2), and the responder will accept, as there is no incentive to reject since they cannot get a better offer in the next period.
Moving to period 4, the cake is 2 pounds, and Player 2 is the proposer. Player 2 knows that if they offer less than 1/2 pound, Player 1 will reject the offer and become the proposer in period 5, offering only 1/2 pound. So, Player 2 must offer at least 1/2 pound to Player 1. However, Player 1 can reject any offer less than 3/4 pound, as they know that they will be the proposer in period 5 and can offer 1/2 pound. Therefore, the subgame perfect equilibrium offer in period 4 is 3/4 pound to Player 1 and 1/4 pound to Player 2.
Moving to period 3, the cake is 3 pounds, and Player 1 is the proposer. Player 1 knows that if they offer less than 3/4 pound, Player 2 will reject the offer, and they will become the proposer in period 4, offering 3/4 pound. Therefore, the subgame perfect equilibrium offer in period 3 is 3/4 pound to Player 1 and 1/4 pound to Player 2.
Moving to period 2, the cake is 4 pounds, and Player 2 is the proposer. Player 2 knows that if they offer less than 3/4 pound, Player 1 will reject the offer, and they will become the proposer in period 3, offering 3/4 pound. Therefore, the subgame perfect equilibrium offer in period 2 is 3/4 pound to Player 2 and 1/4 pound to Player 1.
Finally, moving to period 1, the cake is 4 pounds, and Player 1 is the proposer. Player 1 knows that if they offer less than 3/4 pound, Player 2 will reject the offer, and they will become the proposer in period 2, offering 3/4 pound. Therefore, the subgame perfect equilibrium offer in period 1 is 3/4 pound to Player 1 and 1/4 pound to Player 2.
In conclusion, the subgame perfect equilibrium of this bargaining game is for the proposer to offer 3/4 of the remaining cake to the responder, and for the responder to accept any offer that is at least 1/4 of the remaining cake. This leads to an efficient outcome where each player gets half of the cake in each period.
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In the first period, player 1 (the proposer) knows that if she offers less than 1/2 of the cake, player 2 (the responder) will reject the offer since she can get at least 1/2 of the cake in the next period if she waits. Therefore, player 1 will offer 1/2 of the cake to player 2, and player 2 will accept.
In the second period, player 2 is the proposer and knows that player 1 will only accept a share of at least 1/2 of the remaining cake. Therefore, player 2 will offer 1/2 of the remaining cake (which is 2lb/3lb) to player 1, and player 1 will accept.
In the third period, player 1 is the proposer and knows that player 2 will only accept a share of at least 1/2 of the remaining cake. Therefore, player 1 will offer 1/2 of the remaining cake (which is 1lb/2lb) to player 2, and player 2 will accept.
In the fourth period, player 2 is the proposer and knows that player 1 will only accept a share of at least 1/2 of the remaining cake. Therefore, player 2 will offer 1/2 of the remaining cake (which is 1/2 lb/1 lb) to player 1, and player 1 will accept.
Therefore, the subgame perfect equilibrium of this bargaining game is for player 1 to offer 1/2 of the cake in the first period, and for the proposer in each subsequent period to offer 1/2 of the remaining cake. Each offer will be accepted, and the cake will be divided evenly between the two players.
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What are some possible reasons for a labor rate variance? A. hiring of less qualified workers B. an excess of material usage C. material price increase D. utilities usage change
Some possible reasons for a labor rate variance include the hiring of less qualified workers, an excess of material usage, material price increase, and utility usage change. Therefore, the correct options are A, B, C, and D.
A labor rate variance occurs when the actual rate paid to workers differs from the standard rate that was budgeted for the job. Possible reasons for a labor rate variance may include the hiring of less qualified workers who are paid a lower wage than what was budgeted, or conversely, if more qualified workers were hired at a higher wage than what was budgeted.
Another reason for a labor rate variance could be the result of a change in the wage rate, for example, a wage increase or decrease that may have been unexpected. If an employer offers employees overtime or bonuses, this could also impact the labor rate variance.
The labor rate variance is an important measure for managers to track, as it can impact the overall cost of production and profitability. By identifying the reasons for a labor rate variance, management can determine whether the variance was the result of factors within their control, such as hiring decisions or wage changes, or factors outside their control, such as changes in the economy.
By understanding the reasons for the labor rate variance, management can then take appropriate actions to address the underlying causes and potentially reduce future variances. Therefore, the correct options are A, B, C, and D.
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Write up a two-column cash book for a second hand bookshop from the following during the month of November 2020. 1* Balance brought forward from last month: cash (2950; bank €4,240 2nd Cash sales ¢3,100 3rd Took $2,000 out of the cash till and paid it into the bank 4th F. Bell paid us by cheque ¢194 5th Paid for postage stamps in cash 480 6th Bought office equipment by cheque ¢310 7th Paid L. Root by cheque ¢940 11th Withdrew ¢1,500 from the bank for business use 12th Paid wages in cash $400 13th Cash sales ¢430 14th Paid motor expenses by cheque ¢810 16th J. Bull lent us ¢1,500 in cash 20th K. Brown paid us by cheque ¢174 28th Paid general expenses in cash ¢350 30th Paid insurance by cheque ¢320
In the two-column Cash Book, the first column is for the date of the transaction, the second column is for the particulars of the transaction, the third column is for cash transactions, and the fourth column is for bank transactions. Positive numbers indicate inflow while negative numbers indicate outflow.
Cash Book for Second Hand Bookshop for November 2020
| Date | Particulars | Cash | Bank |
|------|------------|------|------|
| 1st | Balance brought forward | 2950 | 4240 |
| 2nd | Cash sales | 3100 | - |
| 3rd | Cash deposited into bank | - | 2000 |
| 4th | F. Bell paid by cheque | - | 194 |
| 5th | Paid for postage stamps | 480 | - |
| 6th | Bought office equipment by cheque | - | 310 |
| 7th | Paid L. Root by cheque | - | 940 |
| 11th | Withdrew from bank | 1500 | - |
| 12th | Paid wages in cash | 400 | - |
| 13th | Cash sales | 430 | - |
| 14th | Paid motor expenses by cheque | - | 810 |
| 16th | Cash lent by J. Bull | 1500 | - |
| 20th | K. Brown paid by cheque | - | 174 |
| 28th | Paid general expenses in cash | 350 | - |
| 30th | Paid insurance by cheque | - | 320 |
| Total | | 10760 | 7888 |
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problem 5.60 A waste heat recovery system on a supertruck takes
14 kW heat from the exhaust system at 330°C and
uses it to drive a heat engine which then rejectsheat to the ambient (300 K). The heat engine sub-stance has 500 K as high T and 325 K low T, the cycle efficiency equals 50% of a correspond-
ing Carnot cycle. Find the power output of the heat
engine. (I ONLY NEED SOLUTION FOR THE QUESTION IN PICTURE)Find the rate of entropy generation and specify where it is made in Problem 5.60. Show that the individual parts add up to the total. .
The power output of the heat engine can be found using the formula: Power output = Quin x efficiency
where Quin is the heat input to the heat engine.
Using the information given in the problem, we can calculate Quin as follows:
Quin = 14 kW
Next, we need to find the efficiency of the heat engine. The problem states that the cycle efficiency is 50% of a corresponding Carnot cycle.
The Carnot cycle is a theoretical cycle that is the most efficient possible cycle for converting heat into work. The efficiency of a Carnot cycle is given by: efficiency = 1 - Tallow/Thighs
where Tallow and Thighs are the temperatures of the cold and hot reservoirs, respectively.
In this problem, the heat engine operates between temperatures of 500 K and 325 K. So, the corresponding Carnot efficiency is:
efficiency Carnot = 1 - 325/500 = 0.35
The cycle efficiency of the heat engine is given as 50% of this value, so:
efficiency = 0.5 x 0.35 = 0.175
Now, we can calculate the power output of the heat engine:
Power output = Quin x efficiency = 14 kW x 0.175 = 2.45 kW
To find the rate of entropy generation and where it is made in the system, we can use the formula:
Rate of entropy generation = Quin/Tallow - Quit/Thighs
In this problem, we have:
Quin = 14 kW
Tallow = 325 K
Quit = Power output = 2.45 kW
Thighs = 500 K
So, the rate of entropy generation is:
Rate of entropy generation = 14/325 - 2.45/500 = 0.00484 kW/K
The entropy generation occurs during the heat transfer between the heat engine and the ambient. Specifically, it occurs during the rejection of heat from the heat engine to the ambient at a lower temperature.
Total entropy generation = entropy generation in the heat engine + entropy generation during heat transfer to the ambient
Entropy generation in the heat engine can be calculated using:
Entropy generation in the heat engine = Quin(1 - efficiency)/Thighs
Substituting the given values, we get:
Entropy generation in the heat engine = 14(1 - 0.175)/500 = 0.0364 kW/K
Entropy generation during heat transfer to the ambient is given by:
Entropy generation during heat transfer to the ambient = Quit/Tallow
Substituting the given values, we get:
Entropy generation during heat transfer to the ambient = 2.45/325 = 0.00754 kW/K
Adding the two values, we get:
Total entropy generation = 0.0364 + 0.00754 = 0.04394 kW/K
Step 1: Calculate Carnot efficiency:
Carnot efficiency = (Th - Tl) / Th
Th = 500 K, Tl = 325 K
Carnot efficiency = (500 - 325) / 500 = 0.35 or 35%
Step 2: Determine the heat engine's actual efficiency:
Actual efficiency = 50% of Carnot efficiency = 0.5 * 35% = 0.175 or 17.5%
Step 3: Find the power output:
Qin = 14 kW
Power output = Actual efficiency * Qin = 0.175 * 14 kW = 2.45 kW
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Bond A is a par bond and Bond B is a premium bond. All else equal, which bond has the higher coupon rate?
A
B
A=B
Bond A is a par bond and Bond B is a discount bond. All else equal, which bond has the lower coupon rate?
A
B
A=B
Bond A is a corporate bond and Bond B is a municipal bond. Which bond should have the higher yield to maturity?
A
B
A=B
a)Bond B should have the higher coupon rate.
b) Bond A should have the lower coupon rate.
c) Bond B should have the higher yield to maturity.
For the first question, a par bond is a bond where the issue price is equal to its face value or par value, while a premium bond is a bond where the issue price is higher than its face value. Assuming that Bond A and Bond B have the same maturity and credit rating, Bond B should have the higher coupon rate. This is because the higher issue price of Bond B means that investors are willing to accept a lower yield or return on their investment, and the coupon rate reflects the yield required by investors.
For the second question, a discount bond is a bond where the issue price is lower than its face value. Assuming that Bond A and Bond B have the same maturity and credit rating, Bond A should have the lower coupon rate. This is because the lower issue price of Bond A means that investors require a higher yield or return on their investment, and the coupon rate reflects the yield required by investors.
For the third question, municipal bonds are issued by state and local governments and are generally exempt from federal income tax and sometimes state and local income tax. Corporate bonds are issued by corporations and are subject to federal income tax. Assuming that Bond A and Bond B have the same maturity and credit rating, Bond B should have the higher yield to maturity. This is because the tax-exempt status of municipal bonds means that investors are willing to accept a lower yield on their investment compared to taxable corporate bonds. Therefore, the yield on municipal bonds needs to be higher to compensate for the tax advantage they provide.
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Description on E-commerce not more than 10 sentences
Using the following balance sheet and income statement data, what is the total amount of working capital?
Current assets
$35200 Net income
$46200
Current liabilities
17600 Stockholders' equity
85800
Average assets
176000 Total liabilities
46200
Total assets
132000 Average common shares outstanding was 16500.
$8800
$35200
$11000
$17600
The total amount of working capital for the company is $17,600.
Working capital is defined as the difference between current assets and current liabilities, and is an important metric in evaluating a company's financial health. In this case, we can calculate the total amount of working capital as follows:
Working capital = Current assets - Current liabilities
Current assets = $35,200
Current liabilities = $17,600
Working capital = $35,200 - $17,600
Working capital = $17,600
Therefore, the total amount of working capital for the company is $17,600.
It's important to note that working capital can be positive or negative, depending on the relationship between current assets and current liabilities. A positive working capital indicates that a company has enough short-term assets to cover its short-term liabilities, while a negative working capital indicates that a company may have difficulty paying off its short-term debts.
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During the current year, Maine Salvage Company took out new loans of $11 million. In addition, the company repaid $2.6 million of prior loans and paid $1.95 million of interest expense. Explain how these cash flows will appear in the company's statement of cash flows, indicating the classification and the dollar amount of each cash flow. (Enter your answers in millions rounded to 1 decimal place.)Cash Flow Amount (in millions) ActivityNew loans made Loan repaid Interest expense
The cash flow of Maine Salvage Company from the new loans made of $11 million will appear as a cash inflow under the financing activities section. The loan repaid of $2.6 million will appear as a cash outflow under the financing activities section. The interest expense paid of $1.95 million will appear as a cash outflow under the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows.
The cash flows for Maine Salvage Company will appear in the statement of cash flows as follows:
New loans made: This will be recorded as a cash inflow under the financing activities section of the statement of cash flows. The dollar amount of the new loans made is $11 million.Loan repaid: This will be recorded as a cash outflow under the financing activities section of the statement of cash flows. The dollar amount of the loan repaid is $2.6 million.Interest expense: This will be recorded as a cash outflow under the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows. The dollar amount of the interest expense is $1.95 million.In summary:
New loans made: +$11 million (financing activities)
Loan repaid: -$2.6 million (financing activities)
Interest expense: -$1.95 million (operating activities)
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_____ is a relatively low-risk operation that involves penetrating foreign markets or importing merchandise at competitive prices for domestic consumption
Entry into International Markets is a relatively low-risk operation that involves penetrating foreign markets or importing merchandise at competitive prices for domestic consumption.
Entry into International Markets can be either through exports or imports. Exporting is a strategy of selling goods and services of a country to foreign markets whereas importing is a strategy of buying goods and services from foreign countries for domestic consumption.Entry into International Markets has the following advantages:It generates a higher volume of sales and increases the profits of the organization.It also enhances the reputation of the organization and helps in developing its brand image.It provides opportunities for organizational growth and expansion.Entry into International Markets is a relatively low-risk operation and can help organizations increase their revenue and profits.
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A distant uncle works for a firm that provides a 3-year final average salary pension plan. The firm provides a unit benefit of 3%. He has 30 years of service at the normal retirement age (65). His salary in the last years of employment are given below. Employees earn one unit for each year worked. Calculate the annual benefit that your uncle is entitled at retirement.
Age Salary earned during year
62 – 63 $52,000
63 – 64 $53,000
64 – 65 $54,000
Based on the information given, your uncle's annual benefit at retirement can be calculated using the formula.Therefore, your uncle is entitled to an annual benefit of $45,900 at retirement. It's important to note that this is just an estimate and actual benefits may vary depending on the specific details of your uncle's pension plan.
Annual Benefit = (Final Average Salary x Years of Service x Unit Benefit)/100 .First, we need to calculate your uncle's final average salary. The final average salary is the average of his highest three consecutive years of salary. In this case, his highest three consecutive years of salary are $54,000, $51,000, and $48,000. So, his final average salary would be: Final Average Salary = ($54,000 + $51,000 + $48,000)/3 = $51,000
Next, we can use the unit benefit of 3% and your uncle's 30 years of service to calculate his annual benefit at retirement :Annual Benefit = ($51,000 x 30 x 3)/100 = $45,900Therefore, your uncle is entitled to an annual benefit of $45,900 at retirement. It's important to note that this is just an estimate and actual benefits may vary depending on the specific details of your uncle's pension plan.
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During the year, Newark Boat Yard has incurred manufacturing costs of $250,000 in building three large sailboats. At year-end, each boat is about 60 percent complete. How much of these manufacturing costs should be recognized as expenses in Newark Boat Yard’s income statement for the current year?
The amount of manufacturing costs that should be recognized as expenses in Newark Boat Yard's income statement for the current year can be calculated using the percentage of completion method.
According to the problem, the total manufacturing costs incurred during the year are $250,000, and each boat is about 60% complete at year-end. This means that the total costs incurred up to year-end for the three boats are:
Total costs incurred up to year-end = $250,000 x 60% x 3 = $450,000
Therefore, the amount of manufacturing costs that should be recognized as expenses in Newark Boat Yard's income statement for the current year is $450,000.
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nebraska inc. issues 3,050 shares of common stock for $97,600. the stock has a stated value of $10 per share. the journal entry to record the stock issuance would include a credit to common stock for
The journal entry to record the issuance of 3,050 shares of common stock for $97,600 would include a debit to cash for $97,600 and a credit to common stock for $30,500 (3,050 shares x $10 stated value). The remaining $67,100 ($97,600 - $30,500) would be credited to paid-in capital in excess of stated value.
Common stock is a type of equity security that represents ownership in a company. When a company issues common stock, it receives cash from investors in exchange for ownership shares.
The stated value of the stock is the minimum amount per share that the company must receive in exchange for the stock, as set by the company's charter. In this case, the stated value of the stock is $10 per share.
The journal entry to record the issuance of the stock is a standard accounting entry that reflects the increase in cash and the increase in equity resulting from the issuance.
The debit to cash reflects the increase in assets, while the credit to common stock reflects the increase in equity due to the issuance of new shares.
The credit to paid-in capital in excess of stated value reflects the amount by which the company received more than the stated value per share.
Overall, the issuance of common stock is a common way for companies to raise capital to fund operations, expand their business, or pay down debt. By issuing stock, companies can avoid taking on additional debt, which can be beneficial for their long-term financial health.
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Company Z’s earnings and dividends per share are expected to grow indefinitely by 5% a year. If next year’s dividend is $10 and the market capitalization rate is 8%, what is the current stock price?
The current stock price can be calculated using the Gordon Growth Model which is P0 = D1/(r-g), where P0 is the current stock price, D1 is the expected dividend for the next year, r is the market capitalization rate, and g is the expected growth rate. Given that next year's dividend is $10, the market capitalization rate is 8%, and the expected growth rate is 5%, the current stock price can be calculated as P0 = $10/(0.08-0.05) = $333.33 (rounded to the nearest cent).
Therefore, Company Z's current stock price is $333.33 if its earnings and dividends per share are expected to grow indefinitely by 5% a year.
To calculate Company Z's current stock price, we need to use the Gordon Growth Model (Dividend Discount Model), which considers the expected growth rate of dividends and the market capitalization rate. The formula for the Gordon Growth Model is:
Current Stock Price (P0) = D1 / (k - g)
where D1 is the dividend expected next year, k is the market capitalization rate, and g is the dividend growth rate.
In this case, D1 = $10, k = 8% (0.08), and g = 5% (0.05). Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
Current Stock Price (P0) = $10 / (0.08 - 0.05) = $10 / 0.03 = $333.33
So, the current stock price of Company Z is $333.33.
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T/F. The lowest contribution margin per scarce resource is the most profitable.
The given statement is False.
The contribution margin per scarce resource is a measure of how much each unit of a product or service contributes towards covering the fixed costs and generating a profit. A higher contribution margin per scarce resource indicates that the product or service is more efficient in utilizing the limited resources.
However, profitability is not solely determined by the contribution margin per scarce resource. Other factors such as the selling price, variable costs, overall demand, and market conditions also play a significant role in determining profitability. Therefore, the lowest contribution margin per scarce resource does not necessarily mean the highest profitability.
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There are many reasons why performance appraisal systems might not be effective. Select the most appropriate common problem: Inadequate preparation on the part of the manager. O The manager may not be able to observe performance or have all the inform rmation. O Performance standards may not be clear. The manager rates personality rather than performance All of the above
All the above-mentioned reasons could contribute to an ineffective performance appraisal system. It is, therefore, essential for organizations to ensure that their managers are adequately trained and prepared to conduct performance appraisals effectively. Furthermore, performance standards should be clearly defined and communicated to employees to enable managers to assess performance accurately.
There are various reasons why performance appraisal systems may not be effective. However, inadequate preparation on the part of the manager is the most common problem. This could be due to various reasons such as lack of training, lack of understanding of the job requirements or lack of knowledge of the appraisal process. In such cases, the manager may not be able to effectively observe the performance of the employee or may not have all the relevant information required for an accurate assessment.
Another common reason for ineffective performance appraisal systems is unclear performance standards. When the performance standards are not well-defined or communicated to the employees, it becomes challenging for the manager to provide feedback that is helpful to the employees. Additionally, the manager may end up rating personality traits rather than performance when the standards are unclear, which defeats the purpose of the appraisal system.
In some cases, managers may rate personality rather than performance, which is also a common problem with performance appraisal systems. Personality traits such as likability or charisma may influence the manager's perception of the employee's performance, leading to inaccurate ratings. This could lead to dissatisfaction and resentment among the employees, thereby affecting their motivation and morale.
In conclusion, all the above-mentioned reasons could contribute to an ineffective performance appraisal system. It is, therefore, essential for organizations to ensure that their managers are adequately trained and prepared to conduct performance appraisals effectively. Furthermore, performance standards should be clearly defined and communicated to employees to enable managers to assess performance accurately.
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All of the above are common problems that can lead to ineffective performance appraisal systems. Inadequate preparation on the part of the manager can lead to incomplete or inaccurate evaluations.
If the manager is unable to observe performance or does not have all the necessary information, the appraisal may not be based on a complete picture of the employee's work. If performance standards are not clear, the manager may not be able to rate performance consistently and fairly.
Finally, if the manager rates personality rather than performance, the appraisal may not accurately reflect the employee's actual work. All of these issues can undermine the effectiveness of the performance appraisal system and reduce its value as a tool for managing employee performance.
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Product TS-20 has revenue of $102,000, variable cost of goods sold of $52,500, variable selling expenses of $21,500, and fixed costs of $35,000, creating a loss from operations of $7,000. Prepare a differential analysis to determine if Product TS-20 should be continued (Alternative 1) or discontinued (Alternative 2), assuming fixed costs are unaffected by the decision.
Based on the differential analysis, Product TS-20 should be continued (Alternative 1) as it generates a higher contribution margin compared to discontinuing the product (Alternative 2).
To determine if Product TS-20 should be continued (Alternative 1) or discontinued (Alternative 2), we'll conduct the differential analysis considering the relevant costs and revenues for each alternative.
1: Identify the relevant costs and revenues for each alternative
Alternative 1 (Continue Product TS-20): Revenue of $102,000, variable cost of goods sold of $52,500, and variable selling expenses of $21,500.
Alternative 2 (Discontinue Product TS-20): No revenue, and no variable costs.
2: Calculate the contribution margin for each alternative
Alternative 1: Contribution margin = Revenue - (Variable cost of goods sold + Variable selling expenses) = $102,000 - ($52,500 + $21,500) = $102,000 - $74,000 = $28,000
Alternative 2: Contribution margin = 0, as there is no revenue and no variable costs.
3: Compare the contribution margins and make a decision
Since the fixed costs of $35,000 are unaffected by the decision, we only need to compare the contribution margins of both alternatives.
The contribution margin for Alternative 1 (Continue Product TS-20) is $28,000, while the contribution margin for Alternative 2 (Discontinue Product TS-20) is $0. In this case, it would be more beneficial to continue Product TS-20, as the contribution margin is higher than if the product were discontinued.
In conclusion, based on the differential analysis, Product TS-20 should be continued.
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the united states most closely resembles which type of economic system?
The United States most closely resembles a mixed economic system, which combines elements of both capitalism and socialism. In a mixed economic system, the government and private sectors both play important roles in the economy.
The United States has a capitalist economy, which is based on private ownership of property and resources, and the production of goods and services for profit. However, the government also plays an important role in regulating the economy, protecting consumers, and providing certain public goods and services, such as infrastructure, education, and healthcare.
The United States also has a social safety net, which provides assistance to those who are unemployed, disabled, or in need of other forms of support. This safety net is funded by taxes and administered by government agencies.
Overall, the United States economic system is characterized by a mix of private enterprise and government intervention, with a focus on promoting economic growth and providing basic needs for all citizens.
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A television commercial decides to use Pepsi without permission. This is an example of a: - copyright infringement - patent violation - trademark violation - licensing infringement
Using Pepsi without permission in a television commercial would be an example of a trademark violation. The answer is c. A trademark is a recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies and distinguishes a particular product or brand from others.
Pepsi is a well-known brand, and their trademark is protected by law. Any unauthorized use of their trademark can lead to confusion among consumers and can harm the reputation of the brand. In this case, the television commercial is using Pepsi without obtaining permission from the company. This means that they are violating the trademark laws, which prohibit the use of a trademark without the owner's consent. This could lead to legal action by Pepsi, which could include damages and the cessation of the commercial.
It is important to note that trademark infringement can be unintentional, as many people may not be aware of the legal requirements for using a trademark. However, ignorance of the law is not a defense, and those who violate trademarks can still face legal consequences. It is essential to obtain permission from the trademark owner before using their trademark in any way, including in television commercials or advertising campaigns.
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