accessory muscles can assist in ventilation.
Accessory muscles assist ventilation by elevating the ribs and the sternum, which enlarges the chest cavity allowing more air to flow in. To stabilize the accessory muscles, the client should brace his shoulders by pressing down on a hard surface along with putting his head back to engage the scalene and sternocleidomastoid muscles.
What are sternocleidomastoid muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) is a paired superficial muscle in the front region of the neck (synonym musculus sternocleidomastoideus). An important marker in the neck that separates it into an anterior and a posterior triangle is the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM). Headaches and soreness in the neck might result from sternocleidomastoid pain. Trigger points on the front or side of the neck may be noticeable by someone with sternocleidomastoid discomfort. However, this muscle's pain frequently spreads, resulting in the ear, eye, or sinus discomfort.
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the nurse is conducting a health history of a child. the parent states that the client continually has a cold all winter with a runny nose, is not doing well in school, and is itching all the time. the nurse suspects the child has which condition?
The nurse suspects that the child has option A: allergies.
Sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes and nose, sore throat, coughing, and dark circles under the eyes are all signs of seasonal allergies. There may be more to seasonal allergies than just a minor irritation. When their skin is warmed after being exposed to cold temperatures below 39 degrees, people with cold urticaria feel itchy hives, redness, and swelling.
Mold, dust, dust mites, and animal dander are the most common allergens in the winter. These are more prevalent during the winter because people spend more time indoors, in cramped spaces, where those things thrive. Allow your child's doctor to take a look up their nose if you are unsure of what ailment your child has.
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Complete question is:
The nurse is conducting a health history of a child. The mother states that the client continually has a cold all winter with a runny nose, is not doing well in school, and is itching all the time. The nurse suspects the child has which of the following?
a) Allergies
b) Sinusitis
c) Ringworm
d) Fifth disease
the nurse is designing a bioterrorism plan for a community. which agents are transmitted person to person via respiratory or inhalation exposure? (select all that apply.)
Answer:
b. Pneumonic plague
e. Smallpox
Explanation:
the nurse is evaluating client risk for the development of overactive bladder/urge incontinence and determines that which client is at highest risk for this condition?
The nurse is evaluating client risk for the development of overactive bladder/urge incontinence and determines that a client with diabetes is at highest risk for this condition.
What does diabetes mean?Diabetes affects how your body converts food into energy and is a continuous (long-lasting) health issue.A large portion of the food you eat is turned by you organism into sugar (glucose), which itself is later released into your circulation. The rise in blood sugar levels triggers your pancreas to release insulin.
How does diabetes affect the color of your urine?Urine that has too much sugar in it due to diabetes might become murky. Also, your urine could have a fruity or sweet odor. Diabetes can also cause kidney issues or raise your risk of urinary tract infections, which also can cause your urine to appear hazy.
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the nurse is administering phenytoin to a client who is also receiving a continuous nasogastric enteral feeding and is aware of what possible effect?
The nurse is aware that it will decrease the absorption of the AED
What is AED ?
When a person is having a sudden cardiac arrest, an AED, or automated external defibrillator, is used to assist them.
The heart rhythm of individuals who are experiencing cardiac arrest is automatically analyzed by an AED, a sort of computerized defibrillator. When necessary, it shocks the heart with electricity to get it back into rhythm.
This shock totally stops the heart, depolarizing the cardiac muscle and eradicating the deadly arrhythmia.
The heart has the astonishing capacity to restart its internal pacemaker after stopping, allowing it to resume beating regularly.
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question 9 of 10a nurse cares for a client who is post op open cholecystectomy and has a t-tube in place. which clinical situation will the nurse notify the health care provider about as a possible complication of the surgery?
A T-tube is a silicone stent for the trachea with an external limb. Thus correct answer (c)Significantly reduced bile output from the T-tube.
A T-tube is placed after open cholecystectomy to drain excess bile. The T-tube should remain below the level of the incision in order to ensure proper drainage. The nurse should report an output of greater than 500 mL in 24 hours or a significantly reduced bile output from the T-tube. There should not be bloody or serous output from the T-tube.
Do T tubes fall out of ears?
An ear tube often remains in the eardrum for four to 18 months before falling out on its own. A tube may not always fall out and must be surgically removed. In certain circumstances, the ear tube falls out too quickly, and a new one must be inserted into the eardrum..
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Full Question: A nurse cares for a client who is post op open cholecystectomy and has a T-tube in place. Which clinical situation will the nurse notify the health care provider about as a possible complication of the surgery?
Absence of blood or serous fluid in the T-tube.
Greater than 250 mL bile output from the T-tube in 24 hours.
Significantly reduced bile output from the T-tube.
Finding the T-tube placed below the level of the incision
the nurse is admitting a client from the post-anethsia care unit who just received a permanent atrioventuricular pacemaker for a complete heart block. which action should the nurse implement first?
Start continuous cardiac monitoring. The nurse should also evaluate the client's vital signs to determine stability after the procedure and check for pacemaker capture by feeling the client's pulse rate and comparing it to the electrical rate seen on the cardiac monitor.
The nurse should attach the continuous cardiac monitoring when the patient enters the post-anesthesia care unit following pacemaker implantation in order to evaluate the pacemaker's performance. Pacer spikes should be discernible before the P waves and QRS complexes if the atrioventricular (dual-chambered) pacemaker is functioning appropriately (electrical capture). The continuous cardiac monitoring medical professional should be informed right away if the pacemaker is not functioning properly for example, failing to capture or detect.
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it is determined that the client is experiencing a cholinergic crisis, possibly due to an overdose of anticholinesterase medication. question 11 of 26 in planning care for the client the nurses should identify which nursing diagnosis as a priority?
Withdrawing any anticholinesterase medications, doing mechanical respiration if necessary, and administering atropine intravenously for any side effects of the overdose are treatments for cholinergic crises.
What are the uses of anticholinesterase medications?Cholinesterase inhibitors work to slow down the acetylcholine's deterioration. They employ it to treat dementia and Alzheimer's symptoms. The use of cholinesterase inhibitors in treating dementia problems and various uses in other specialties are covered in this activity, along with its indications, mechanisms of action, and contraindications.
Which medications inhibit cholinesterase?The therapies that are most frequently used to treat myasthenia gravis include anticholinesterase medications, prednisone, thymectomy, immunosuppressive medications other than prednisone, and plasmapheresis. Pyridostigmine bromide is the anticholinesterase medication that is most frequently utilized (Mestinon).
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the parents of a child with ataxia-telangiectasia (at) ask the nurse if the child will have a normal intellect. what is the nurse's best response?
The nurse should make the client understand by saying that : "Early in the course of the disease, cognitive development is normal but stops by age 10. Both cellular and humoral immunity are lacking in children with AT" .
What is ataxia-telangiectasia ?
The area of the brain that regulates speech and motor movements degenerates in children with the neurological condition known as ataxia-telangiectasia. Slurred speech and shaky gait are the disease's initial symptoms, which typically appear in children under the age of five.
Ataxia-telangiectasia is caused by a hereditary mutation. Ataxia-telangiectasia can be inherited by anyone if both of their parents have the ATM gene mutation and pass it on to their offspring (autosomal recessive).
Symptoms
Ataxia, or a lack of coordination, can cause ataxic gait (cerebellar ataxia), and unsteadiness in late childhood.
After the ages of 10 to 12, mental development slows or stops.
sluggish walking
skin discoloration in sun-exposed areas.
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a pediatric patient with a weight of 20 kg is prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine for diarrhea. the dosage is 0.3 mg/kg/day in four divided doses. how many milligrams will the nurse administer for each dose?
A pediatric patient with a weight of 20 kg is prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine for diarrhea. The dosage is 0.3 mg/kg/day in four divided doses. 1.5 milligrams will the nurse administer for each dose.
What is diarrhea?
Having at least three watery, loose, or loose-moving bowel motions every day is referred to as diarrhea. Due to fluid loss, it frequently lasts for a few days and can lead to dehydration. Dehydration symptoms frequently start with irritability and a lack of the skin's usual stretchiness. As it worsens, this might lead to decreased urine, skin discoloration, a rapid heartbeat, and a decrease in responsiveness. However, among infants who are exclusively breastfed, loose but dry feces are typical.
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the nurse is caring for a client with advanced liver disease who has ascites. which treatment will the nurse anticipate being used for the daily management of ascites?
The treatment will the nurse anticipate being used for the daily management of ascites is diuretics.
The correct option is A.
How do diuretics work?Any medication that encourages diuresis—the increased output of urine—is referred to as a diuretic. This includes compelled urination. A water pill is a common nickname for a diuretic tablet. Diuretics can be divided into numerous groups. The elimination of water by the body through the kidneys is increased by all diuretics.
BriefingThe injection of diuretics to reduce fluid retention and sodium restriction are often the main daily care strategies for ascites. Diuretics that spare potassium or loop are employed. Large-volume paracentesis is only performed on patients with severe ascites that is uncomfortable for the patient. By managing the ascites on a regular basis, it should be feasible to avoid this intrusive treatment and its hazards.
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The complete question you are looking for is :
The nurse is caring for a client with advanced liver disease who has ascites. Which treatment will the nurse anticipate being used for the daily management of ascites?
A. diuretics
B. desmopressin
C. thoracentesis
D. paracentesis
an older adult woman was admitted to the hospital for the treatment of a complicated urinary tract infection. since admission the patient has developed urosepsis and failed to respond to treatment. the patient's most recent changes in condition are indicative of septic shock and she has been transferred to the critical care unit. what aspect of care will be prioritized in the woman's subsequent phase of treatment?
Eliminating the cause of the patient's infection aspect of care will be prioritized in the woman's subsequent phase of treatment.
What is urinary tract infection?
Any infection in the urinary system is referred to as a urinary tract infection (UTI). The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra are components of the urinary system. Most infections affect the bladder and urethra, which are parts of the lower urinary system.
Compared to men, women are more likely to get a UTI. An infection that only affects the bladder can be uncomfortable and painful. A UTI, however, can spread to the kidneys and cause serious health issues.
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the nurse is conducting a community education program on allergies and anaphylactic reactions. the nurse determines that the participants understand the education when they make which statement about anaphylaxis?
The participants are required to mention : " The most common cause of anaphylaxis is penicillin ".
What are the effects of penicillin on anaphylaxyis ?Although aspirin, morphine (an opioid) and radiocontrast agents such as iodine can cause anaphylaxis, penicillin is the most comon cause of anaphylaxis, accounting for about 75% of fatal anaphylactic reactions in the United States each year.
A past exposure to penicillin causes preformed IgE responses, which lead to acute reactions. Mast cells release histamine and other mediators as a result, which causes the classic signs and symptoms of a real anaphylactic reaction.
Anaphylaxis can occasionally occur as a result of a penicillin allergy. It is a potentially fatal illness that can include dizziness or lightheadedness, breathing issues, throat or tongue swelling, seizures, extremely low blood pressure, vomiting, diarrhea, and cramps in the abdomen.
Penicillin causes anaphylaxis in between 0.02% and 0.04% of cases, and type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are the primary mediator.
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a nurse educator is preparing to discuss immunodeficiency disorders with a group of fellow nurses. what would the nurse identify as the most common secondary immunodeficiency disorder?
Perhaps the most well-known secondary immunodeficiency disorder is AIDS, which is also the most prevalent secondary disorder. Human immunodeficiency virus infection is the cause (HIV).
What test will the nurse evaluate to find out whether the patient is responding to antiretroviral therapy?The CD4 cell count is used to evaluate the immunologic response to ART in patients on ART and to determine whether prophylaxis for opportunistic infections has to be started or stopped.
What types of diseases cause immunodeficiency?Common variable immunodeficiency and other primary immunodeficiency disorders are examples (CVID) Alymphocytosis, commonly known as severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). A persistent granulomatous condition (CGD).
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a nurse assesses a client in the health care provider's office. which assessment findings support a suspicion of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle)?
Facial erythema, pleuritis, pericarditis, fever, weight loss, etc., are some assessment findings that support a suspicion of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a medical condition associated with the most common lupus class, which is a well known autoimmune disease that may lead to different symptoms such as facial erythema, pleuritis, pericarditis and weight loss.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most widely known class of autoimmune disease lupus class and this disease is associated with diverse symptoms,
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the parents of a child with diarrhea report to the nurse that they have treated the child with home remedies, including herbal medicine. what is the most important information for the nurse to communicate to the parents regarding the use of home remedies?
Inform medical experts about home remedies. Making sure that parents share this information with medical specialists is the most crucial piece of advice regarding herbal treatments used at home. This is done to make sure the youngster doesn't receive the same medication in two different forms or medications that could conflict with the natural therapy.
What is fluid and electrolyte review in nursing?
A thorough review of fluids and electrolytes for nurses is the fluid and electrolyte review. The primary causes, signs, and symptoms of the electrolytes potassium, sodium, chloride, phosphate, magnesium, and calcium will be covered. By regulating a variety of internal functions, including cardiac, neurological, oxygen supply, acid-base balance, and much more, fluids and electrolytes play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis inside the body. Electrolytes keep voltages across cellular membranes constant and are the driving force behind the cellular activity.
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a patient has received epinephrine for treatment of anaphylaxis. which additional drug may be helpful to prevent recurrent anaphylaxis?
Although evidence are limited to case studies, glucose may be helpful for patients with severe anaphylaxis who are on beta-blockers (it should be taken in addition to epinephrine, not as a substitute). Bronchospasm can also be treated with glucagon.
Which drugs are effective in preventing anaphylaxis?The only medication that effectively cures anaphylactic responses is epinephrine. When administered quickly, before symptoms worsen, it works best.
Can anti-allergy medications stop anaphylaxis?Antihistamine therapy does not alleviate or prevent all of the pathophysiological symptoms of anaphylaxis, including the more serious side effects like airway obstruction, hypotension, and shock, despite the fact that histamine is involved in the condition.
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the dispensing of controlled substances has divided patients, doctors, pharmacists and law enforcement agencies as they strive to create a balance between treating legitimate chronic pain and keeping powerful pain meds out of the hands of abusers. a recent convention discussed the development of a viable strategy for pain medications.
The dispensing of controlled substances has divided patients, doctors, pharmacists, and law enforcement agencies as they strive to create a balance between treating legitimate chronic pain and keeping powerful pain medications out of the hands of abusers. A recent convention discussed the development of a viable promotion strategy for pain medications. The correct answer is B.
What is a viable promotion strategy?A viable promotion strategy focuses on key benefits based on the audience's point of view and interests. This marketing strategy is delivered at an appropriate time when the target audience is most likely to be attentive and interested in the message being delivered. Due to the fact that this method is targeted at a specific audience, a viable promotion strategy is effective for keeping powerful pain relievers out of the hands of abusers.
The questions above are improperly formatted, making it challenging for some people to comprehend. The question is 'fill in the blank' type and should be stated as follows:
The dispensing of controlled substances has divided patients, doctors, pharmacists and law enforcement agencies as they strive to create a balance between treating legitimate chronic pain and keeping powerful pain meds out of the hands of abusers. A recent convention discussed the development of a viable ______ strategy for pain medications.This question also should be provided with answer choices, which are:
A. ProductionB. PromotionC. PossessionD. PlaceThe correct answer is B, promotion.
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a client is diagnosed with right-sided bell's palsy. what instructions should the nurse give this client for care at home? select all that apply.
Due to facial nerve irritation, which manifests as asymmetry in the grin or frown, facial droop, alterations in tear production, and inability to completely close the afflicted eye.
Bell's palsy on the right side is what?Bell's palsy is a condition that causes the muscles on one side of the face to suddenly deteriorate. Most often, the weakness is momentary and becomes much better over a few weeks. The weakening seems to make the lower half of the face droop. It's challenging for the affected eye to close during one-sided smiles.
Be explicit about the cause of Bell's palsy?Although the exact cause of Bell's palsy is uncertain, it is believed that immune system dysfunction brought on by inflammation is to blame. Other diseases like diabetes are connected to it.
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a hospital client is immunocompromised because of stage 3 hiv infection and the physician has ordered a chest radiograph. how should the nurse most safely facilitate the test?
The safest way to facilitate the procedure is using a portable x-ray machine in the patient's room.
Is HIV a harmful condition?
If HIV is not treated appropriately, it can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). There is no HIV treatment that works, and the human body cannot get rid of HIV.
What does a typical chest radiograph entail?When taking a normal chest radiograph, the subject must be upright and the X-ray beam must travel through them from posterior to anterior (PA). The chest X-ray image created is viewed as though facing the patient directly in the front.
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an infant with the diagnosis of exstrophy of the bladder undergoes surgery to close the defect. what must the nurse include in the discharge teaching for the parents?
Complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy is the name of the procedure, and the nurse is helping the RN with discharge instructions.
How is bladder exstrophy treated?The bladder, abdomen, and outer sex organs are all closed during a single surgery that also reconstructs the urethra. This can be carried out as soon as the infant is born or about two to three months old. The majority of infant surgeries include pelvic bone replacement.
What is the bladder's surgical repair?Neobladder reconstruction is a surgical procedure that results in the creation of a new bladder. If the bladder is malfunctioning or was removed to treat another condition, a surgeon can create an alternative pathway for pee to exit the body.
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A client on the behavioral health unit tells the nurse that she experiences palpitations, trembling, and nausea while traveling alone, outside her home. These symptoms have severely limited her ability to function and have caused her to avoid leaving home whenever possible. The nurse recognizes that this client has symptoms of what disorder?
1. Thanatophobia
2. Aerophobia
3. Hodophobia
4. Agoraphobia
His symptoms severely limited his ability to function and caused him to avoid leaving the house, so the nurses recognized that this client had symptoms of 4. agoraphobia.
What is agoraphobia?Agoraphobia is a type of anxiety disorder. This disorder causes excessive feelings of fear and worry when in a place that makes it difficult for the sufferer to leave or feels unable to ask for help from anyone.
The causes of agoraphobia are still not known with certainty. However, this phobia is more prone to occur in people with a history of recurrent panic attacks. Although rare, agoraphobia can also occur in people who don't have a history of panic attacks.
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anna’s father tried a low-carb diet for a while but stopped when he became aware of a new diet called ""paleo."" this is an example of
After a while, Anna's father tried a low-carb diet, but he gave it up when he learned about the "paleo" diet. This is a fad illustration.
A fad diet is a diet that becomes popular for a short time, similar to fads in fashion, without being a standard dietary recommendation, and often making unreasonable claims for fast weight loss or health improvements. There is no single definition of what is a fad diet.
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the nurse is monitoring a patient who sustained an open fracture of the left hip. what type of shock should the nurse be aware can occur with this type of injury?
According to its kind and extent, a fracture is characterized as a complete or incomplete break in the continuity of the bone structure.
What evaluation results of the leg are consistent with a femoral neck fracture?Over the femoral neck, there is noticeable tenderness to palpation. There could be swelling here as well. A femoral neck stress fracture may be indicated by increased discomfort at the extremes of hip rotation, an abduction lurch, and the inability to stand on the affected leg.
When treating an open fracture, where should pressure be applied?If the fracture is open, clean, non-fluffy fabric or a sterile dressing should be applied to the wound. To stop any bleeding, apply pressure around the wound rather than directly over the sticking-out bone.
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when a client who has been taking opioids becomes less sensitive to the drug's analgesic properties, that client is said to have developed a(n)
Young adults with inflammatory bowel disease would be at the greatest risk for problems while taking an opioid analgesic.
What are some analgesics examples?
Aspirin and ibuprofen are two of the medications in this class that are most commonly used. NSAIDs are included in the broader category of non-opioid analgesics. For less severe pain, doctors often prescribe NSAIDs rather than opiate painkillers like morphine.
What effects do analgesics have on the body?
A family of medications called analgesics is used to treat analgesia (pain). They function by preventing the brain from receiving pain signals or by interfering with the brain's perception of those signals. The two main types of analgesics are non-opioid (non-narcotic) and opioid (narcotic) pain medicines.
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a client is prescribed montelukast as part of a treatment plan for an allergic disorder. the nurse understands that this drug belongs to which class?
Montelukast is the drug which belongs to the class of leukotriene receptor antagonist that is prescribed to the patient for an allergic disorder.
What is Montelukast?Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction which can develop rapidly in an individual. It is also called as anaphylactic shock. Common signs of anaphylaxis include itchy skin or a red skin rash.
Montelukast is a leukotriene-receptor antagonist class drug. It is generally prescribed when the asthma is mild and can prevent this condition from getting worse. Montelukast can also help people with asthma who are facing breathing difficulties when they perform any physical activity and anaphylaxis, seasonal allergies, such as sneezing, itchiness and a blocked or runny nose.
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a client with an h. pylori infection asks why bismuth subsalicylate is prescribed. which response will the nurse make?
When H. pylori bacteria infect your stomach, H. pylori infection results. The most common way for H. By coming into close touch with saliva, vomit, or stool, pylori germs can be transferred from one person to another.
What is the severity of pylori infection?In addition to ulcers, the H pylori bacteria can also lead to chronic inflammation in the upper small intestine or the stomach (gastritis) (duodenitis). Additionally, H pylori can occasionally result in stomach lymphoma or a rare form of stomach cancer.
Where are H. pylori infections most frequent?The spiral-shaped bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) resides in or on the stomach's lining. More than 90% of ulcers, which are lesions on the stomach or duodenal lining, are brought on by it.
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what is the most important reason for starting intravenous infusions in the upper extremities rather than the lower extremities of adults?
For peripheral venous access, upper-extremity superficial veins are preferred over those in the lower extremities because they interfere with patient mobility less and carry a lower risk of phlebitis.
When donning sterile gloves, what procedure is most crucial for the nurse to follow?The nurse should put on sterile gloves first, maneuver is most crucial to keep your gloved hands above your elbows. Unsterile practices prohibit holding gloved hands below the waist.
What should the nurse do initially, and which action?The assessment stage is the first and most important in the nursing process. Before you begin implementing nursing activities, it is imperative that you finish the assessment phase of the nursing process.
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a nurse prepares a client with a recently created ileal conduit to be discharged from the hospital. which is an expected assessment finding?
Urine mucus is a common finding. As part of its typical operation, the isolated small intestinal segment continues to produce mucus, which is visible in the urine.
Why does mucus develop?As a lubricant, it prevents tissue from drying out. And it's a line of protection. According to Johns Hopkins University ear, nose, and throat specialist, mucus is crucial for filtering out substances that we breathe in through your nose, such as dust, allergies, and germs.
Mucus infection: what is its cause?Overproduction of mucus can occasionally result from a cold, allergies, or germs. The accumulation of bacteria or other germs in your sinus canal can be aided by this thickening of the mucus, which can ultimately result in a sinus infection.
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. a pregnant woman has come to the emergency department with complaints of nasal congestion and epistaxis. what action by the nurse is best?
Teach that the increased blood supply to the mucous membranes and can result in congestion and nosebleeds,The upper respiratory tract was impacted by the edema and hyperemia that follow capillary engorgement, which are symptoms that are frequently observed during pregnancy.A referral is not required.The patient does not require lab work or to be connected to a heart monitor.The patient needs to be made aware that estrogen, not progesterone, is what causes these alterations.
Why folate during and before pregnancy?Before becoming pregnant and up until you are 12 weeks along, it is crucial to take a 400 microgram folic acid tablet every day.Spina bifida and other neural tube problems, such as birth defects, can be prevented with folic acid.
What fruit is beneficial during pregnancy?This includes berries like raspberries, strawberries, blueberries, and just about any other berry you can think of! Berries are a great source of antioxidants, which can protect both mother and fetus from dangerous ailments.
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because the principal active ingredient in tobacco is nicotine, you might expect smoking to enhance the effects of:
The central nervous system is both stimulated and depressed by nicotine.
What results does nicotine in tobacco products have?Nicotine is a toxic and very addicting substance. It may result in an increase in heart rate, blood flow to the heart, blood pressure, and the constriction of arteries, among other things (vessels that carry blood). Nicotine may also aid in the hardening of artery walls, which could result in a heart attack.
Nicotine's ability to promote addictionCompared to the "high" associated with other medicines, this spike lasts far less time. However, nicotine, like other addictive substances, elevates dopamine levels in these reward circuits,20,21,27 reinforcing drug-taking behavior.
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