Molarity of NaCl solution = 0.5 M Molarity or Concentration = Moles of solute / Volume of solution 0.5 M solutions of Sodium chloride means 0.5 moles of NaCl in 1 Litre of Sodium chloride solution. In order to decrease the concentration of the solution more water should be added to the solution.
What is Molarity?
Molarity or molar concentration is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, which can be calculated using the following equation:
[tex]\text{Molarity}= \dfrac{\text{mol solute}}{\text{L of solution}}[/tex]
Molar concentration can be used to convert between the mass or moles of solute and the volume of the solution.
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A certain metal M forms a soluble nitrate salt M(NO3)3 . Suppose the left half cell of a galvanic cell apparatus is filled with a 2.50M solution of M(NO3)3 and the right half cell with a 12.5mM solution of the same substance. Electrodes made of M are dipped into both solutions and a voltmeter is connected between them. The temperature of the apparatus is held constant at 20.0°C.
Which electrode will be positive? Left of Right
What voltage will the voltmeter show? Assume its positive lead is connected to the positive electrode.
.
Ans1. The left electrode will be positive because electrons in a concentration cell travel from lower to higher concentration. As a result, the right electrode will operate as an anode and will be negative.
The left one will serve as the cathode and will be positive.
Ans2: For the Concentration Cell,
Ecell = frac-0.05911, log frac0.22. (Because it only involves one electron)
= +0.059 V
~ 60 mV.
An electrode is a conductor that makes electrical contact with the nonmetallic components of a circuit. Electrodes are commonly used in electrochemical cells, semiconductors such as diodes, and medical devices (see Figure 1). Electrons are transferred at the electrode.
Percentage of concentration: This is the amount of solute that dissolves in 100 g of solvent. If the concentration of a solution is 20%, we know that there are 20 g of solute in it.
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when the reaction h3po4(aq) ca(oh)2(aq)→ occurs, what is the formula for the salt formed? express your answer as a chemical formula.
For the reaction of H₃PO₄(aq) Ca(OH)₂(aq), the formula for the salt formed is Ca(HPO₄).
When a reaction occurs between acid and a base, neutralization reaction takes place to form salt. In such reaction sometimes the replacement of the hydrogens in the acid by the cation of the base is complete, and sometimes there is a partial replacement ,as in the above case. In this reaction, the cation of the base is Ca²⁺ and it will react with the anion HPO⁴⁻ of the acid.
H₃PO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ → Ca(HPO₄) + 2H₂O
As you can see, water is also formed as a product of the reaction.
From the formula the salt formed is Ca(HPO₄).
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true or false: the outer orbitals of a halogen are further from the nucleus and are thereby more polarizable.
True. The outer orbitals of a halogen are further from the nucleus and are thereby more polarizable.
What is a Halogen?
A halogen is a type of element found on the periodic table that belongs to the halogen group (Group 17). Halogens are nonmetallic elements that have seven valence electrons and react with other elements to form compounds. They are highly reactive and can combine with other elements to form compounds, such as salts, acids, and oxides. Halogens are important in industry and are used to make a wide variety of products, including plastics, pharmaceuticals, and insecticides.
A halogen's outer orbitals are further away from the nucleus, making them more polarizable due to their greater distance from the positively charged nucleus. Because of the greater distance, the orbitals are more susceptible to being pulled by the opposite charges of other molecules, allowing for greater polarizability.
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Predict the missing component of each reaction. ? + 2 upper n a upper b r right arrow 2 upper n a upper c l plus upper b r subscript 2. Hcl cl2 na hbr right arrow upper m g upper o plus upper h subscript 2. ? cho c2h2 + co2 co2 + 2h2o c + 2h2o.
The missing component = H₂O
Given reactions are;
First reaction => displacement reaction
Second reaction => production of MgO and hydrogen gas.
1. The missing component is Cl₂.
2. The missing component is H₂O.
Reasons:
1. The given reaction can be represented as follows;
? + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br₂
The above reaction has both 2 Na and 2 Br on the side of the reactants, and 2 Na, 2 Br, and 2 Cl on the side of the products. Here the missing component is Cl₂
2. The possible given reaction is presented as follows;
Mg + ? HBr MgO + H₂
The elements in the reactant side of the reaction are 1 Mg and unknown element (?)The elements in the product side are one Mg one O and two H .Therefore the the missing elements in the reactants are, 2 H and 1 O, which gives the missing component = H₂O.
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what is the role of the amino acids in the active site in the chemical reaction? choose all that apply.
These amino acids make it possible for an enzyme's active site to specifically bind to its substrate or substrates and facilitate chemical reactions.
How are the amino acids bonded to create the active site?A protein is made up of a lengthy chain of amino acids that are connected by peptide bonds. A water molecule is removed during a biological process that links the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of a nearby amino acid to generate peptide bonds.
Are amino acids transported actively?Substances (such as ions, glucose, and amino acids) move across a membrane during active transport from an area of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. They travel in the opposite direction of their concentration gradient as a result.
How can amino acids get beyond the cell wall?With the aid of symporter proteins found in the plasma membrane, amino acids are diffused across the membrane by facilitated diffusion. Sodium-dependent amino acid transporters is another name for them.
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Which guideline, Hund's rule or the Pauli exclusion principle, is violated inthe following orbital diagrams?
Please help!!!!
Draw the neutral form of the nitrogen-containing molecule formed upon the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetanilide in 6 M hydrochloric acid at reflux. Product(s):
Well here I can't draw the diagram of the neutral form of the nitrogen-containing molecule formed upon the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetanilide in 6 M hydrochloric acid at reflux.
What is acetanilide ?The odorless solid chemical of leaf or flake-like appearance is known as acetanilide and it is also called as N-phenyl acetamide or acetanil.
Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis:A hydrolysis process in which the cleavage of a chemical bond is catalyzed by protic acid via a nucleophilic substitution reaction is referred to Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis.
It is usually used in the conversion of starch or cellulose → glucose.
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what is the temperature in kelvin of an 11.2-l sample of carbon monoxide, co, at 744 torr if it occupies 13.3 l at 55 ⁰c and 744 torr?
276K is the temperature in Kelvin of an 11.2-L sample of carbon monoxide, CO, at 744 torrs if it occupies 13.3 L at 55 ⁰C and 744 torrs
It is given that the volume of Carbon monoxide is 1.2L and its pressure is 744torr.
We need to find its temperature if it occupies 13.3L at 55⁰C or (55+273 = 328K) at 744torrs.
For this, we need to use Charle's law which is given by,
V₁/V₂ = T₁/T₂
On rearranging the formula we get,
T₂ = T₁V₂/V₁
On substituting the values to the formula we get,
T₂ = 328x13.3/11.2
T₂ = 24.661/11.2
T₂ = 276K
Therefore, the temperature in Kelvin is 276K.
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for the given reaction, what volume of o2 would be required to react with 4.8 l of co , measured at the same temperature and pressure?
We can see that 2 moles of The no react with 1 mole of O2 using this equation. 4.8 L NO x 1 L O2 / 2 L NO = 2.4 L of O2 are needed at constant pressure and temperature.
What is an example of pressure?
One can see a simple illustration of pressure by using a knife against a few fruit. If you press the flat side of the knife against the fruit, the top won't be cut. The force is spread more than a wide area (low pressure).
What are different types of pressure?
The physical pressure exerted to an object is referred to as pressure. Per unit area, a parallel force is applied to the surface of the objects. F/A (Force per Area) is the basic formula for pressure.
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Provide a detailed procedure for the conversion of a tertiary alcohol to an alkyl halide via a SN1 reaction. Compare (and explain) the difference in reaction mechanism when primary alcohols are used instead of a tertiary alcohol. All chemical structures should be hand drawn. You can add images into your responses by clicking on the icon that looks like a mountain landscape. Cut and paste text/figures will not be graded.
Primary alcohols react using the SN2 mechanism, whereas secondary and tertiary alcohols react using the elementary SN1 process, where no carbocation is produced.
What separates tertiary alcohol from primary alcohol?The carbon atoms attached to OH can be used to identify the kind of alcohol.According on how many other carbons are linked to that carbon, the alcohol is categorized as primary, secondary, or tertiary.
Why does primary alcohol respond more quickly than secondary alcohol?Tertiary alcohols' alkyl groups provide electron density to the alcohol's oxygen, which reduces the alcohol's acidity.When a result, the acidity of alcohol reduces as more alkyl groups are connected to an alcohol functional group on carbon.
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Can a pure element be a compound? Why or why not?
Yes, compounds are pure substances as they are made of molecules that are formed by the union of atoms of different elements through chemical bonding. Hence, molecules are the fundamental unit of compounds. Each compound is made of only one type of molecule.
calculate the heat capacity, in calories per degree, of 28.4 g of lead. specific heat of lead is 0.129 j/g °c, 1 calorie
The heat capacity, in calories per degree, of 28.4 g of lead is 3.67 j/g °c.
Heat capacity or thermal capability is a physical property relying on, described as the amount of heat to be provided to an object to produce a unit trade in its temperature. The SI unit of heat ability is joule in line with kelvin. warmth capability is an extensive belonging.
Calculation:-
Heat capacity = m × specific heat capacity
= 28.4 g × 0.129 j/g °c
= 3.67 j/g °c
Heat capacity or specific warmth is the quantity of warmth in step with unit mass that is required to raise the temperature through 1°C. particular heat is helpful in determining the processing temperatures and quantity of warmth necessary for processing and can be useful in differentiating among polymeric composites.
The Specific heat ability of a substance is usually determined consistent with the definition; namely, by means of measuring the heating capacity of a sample of the substance, generally with a calorimeter, and dividing via the pattern's mass .
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a melting point test as performed on the alum sample. what two things does this test tell you about a compound
a melting point test as performed on the alum sample. It confirms the identity of the compound and measures its purity. Impurities decrease the melting point and gives a bigger range of melting point.
The point at which a material transforms from a solid to a liquid is commonly referred to as the melting point. The melting point of a liquid is the temperature at which, under atmospheric pressure, a solid transforms into a liquid. At this time, both the liquid and solid phases are in equilibrium. A substance's melting point is the temperature at which, under normal pressure, it transforms from a solid state to a liquid state. 0 degrees Celsius applies to water (32 Fahrenheit, 273,15 Kelvin). Alum is an inorganic chemical compound that often consists of sulfates, aluminum or other metals, and water molecules. Alum is essentially hydrated aluminum double sulfate salt.
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7.93 mol of c5h12 reacts with excess o2, how many moles of co2 will be produced by the following combustion reaction?
As a result, 7.93 moles of C5H12 will react with extra oxygen to become 39.65 moles (7.93*5).
What does oxygen contain?Chemical elements, like oxygen, are compounds that only have one type of atom. An oxygen atom has eight protons in its nucleus since it has an atomic number of eight and is represented by the chemical symbol O.
What is a normal oxygen intake?95% or more oxygen is considered to be a normal level. 90% of patients with sleep apnea or chronic lung illness may have normal levels. The "SpO2" value on a pulse oximeter displays the blood's oxygen content as a percentage. Call your healthcare practitioner if the SpO2 level you take at home is less than 95%.
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When a sodium atom reacts with a chlorine atom to
form a compound, the electron configurations of the
ions forming the compound are the same as those in
which noble gas atoms?
1) krypton and neon
3) neon and helium
2) krypton and argon
4) neon and argon
Answer:
4) Neon and Argon
Explanation:
Sodium has 11 electrons, Chlorine has 17.
For both of them to complete their shells Sodium will give one electron to chlorine.
Sodium will become 2,8 in the reaction.
Chlorine will become 2,8,8 in the reaction.
2,8 is the electron configuration of Neon.
2,8,8 is the electron configuration of Argon
A chemist has 200 ml of a 10% sucrose solution. If she adds x milliliters of a 40% sucrose solution, what is the percent concentration of the final mixture? which expression represents the total mass, in grams, of sucrose in the final mixture? which expression represents the total volume, in milliliters, of the final mixture?.
We need to add 400 ml of the 40% solution.
What is concentration?
Being focused in some way. attention being focused on a single thing, in particular. I can't concentrate with all that noise around me. a concentration or major within an academic discipline.
What is volume?
A three-dimensional space's actual size when a closed surface encloses it. Take the area or shape that a substance, such as a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma, occupies as an example. The cubic meter, a S.I.-derived unit, is also frequently used to represent volume numerically.
We take the amount times the percent concentration and add what we mix to get the final concentration
We need the final mixture to be 30% and we have 200 +x milliliter added together so that will be the amount in the container
200 * 10 % + x* 40 % = (200+x) *30%
Change the percent to decimal form
200 * .10 + x* .40 = (200+x) *.30
Distribute the .30
20 + .4x = 60+.3x
Subtract .3x from each side
20 + .4x-.3x = 60+.3x-.3x
20 +.1x = 60
Subtract 20 from each side
20-20 +.1x = 60-20
.1x = 40
Divide by .1
.1x/.1 = 40/.1
x=400
Therefore, We need to add 400 ml of the 40% solution
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A metal cools from an initial temperature of 225 oc to 25 oc and releases 160 j of heat energy. If the mass of the metal is 5. 0 g, what is its specific heat capacity?.
Answer:
0.17 J/g*C
Explanation:
Specific heat capacity will have units of heat per unit mass, per degree temperature. Using the units provided here, we would expect to find a specific heat expressed as J/(g*C). This can be read as the energy required to raise 1 gram of the material 1 degree C. Or it can be read as the amount of energy that needs to be removed to reduce the temperature of 1 gram of material by 1 degree C.
We are given the three values needed to determine specific heat capacity. Just piut them together in a manner that will result in the correct unit: J/(g*C).
160 J released
5.0 g metal
A temperature change of (225-35) or 190C.
We want J/(g*C)
160J/(5.0g*190C) = 0.1684 J/g*C or 0.17 J/g*C for 2 sig figs
You add 100. 0 g of water at 60. 0°c to 100. 0 g of ice at 0. 00°c. Some of the ice melts and cools the water to 0. 00°c. When the ice and water mixture has come to a uniform temperature of 0°c, how much ice has melted?.
As the ice and water mixture in the given situation becomes a uniform temperature of 0°c, the amount of ice that has melted is 75.4g.
Different substances require different amounts of heat to cause a temperature change. The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the quantity of heat required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of the substance by one degree. Hence, the amount of heat added Q is given by:
Q = w x Cp x ∆T
where w is the weight of substance, Cp is specific heat of material, and ∆T is the change in temperature.
According to given data,
w = 100gm
Cp = 4.186J/g°c
∆T = -60
Hence, the amount of heat needed to melt ice is:
Q =100.0g (4.186J/g°c) (-60°C) = -25116J
When the mixture is at a uniform temperature, heat lost by water which is gained by ice is given by
Q = m*ΔH
Where ΔH is the change in enthalpy.
Hence,
-25116J = m*333J/g
m = -75.4g
Therefore, mass of ice is 75.4 g.
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if your titration results in a magenta color, what is the limiting reactant and what is the excess reactant at that point?
If your titration results in a magenta color, what is the limiting reactant is the acid and the excess reactant at that point is the base.
Assuming that the titration is between an acid and a base, the color change from the indicator will occur when the pH changes from acidic to neutral. At this point, the reaction is said to have reached its endpoint.
The limiting reactant is the reactant that is consumed first and is in the lowest concentration relative to the other reactant. In this case, it is the acid. Since the acid has been completely consumed, the other reactant (base) is the excess reactant.
In simple terms, the limiting reactant is the one that runs out first and the excess reactant is the one that is left over after the reaction has ended. When the endpoint of the titration is reached, the magenta color indicates that the acid has been completely consumed and the base is the excess reactant.
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how many grams of nacl must be combined with water to prepare 510 ml of a 0.95 % (m/v) physiological saline solution?
4.84 grams of NaCl must be combined with water to prepare 510 ml of a 0.95% (m/v) physiological saline solution.
The ratio of the mass of the solute present in a solution to the volume of the solution as a whole is known as the mass/volume percent.
The given proportion must be multiplied by 100 because this sort of concentration is expressed as a percentage.
Let number of grams of NaCl combined with water to prepare 510 ml be x grams.
The mass/ volume percent of this solution ⇒ x/510 *100 = 0.95
⇒ x= 0.95*510 / 100
⇒ x= 4.84 grams
Therefore, 4.84 grams of NaCl must be combined with water to prepare 510 ml of a 0.95% (m/v) physiological saline solution.
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Undecane is an alkane that contains an 11-carbon chain. How many hydrogen atoms are in undecane?.
Straight-chain alkane undecane has 11 Carbon atoms in it.
How many atoms of hydrogen and carbon are there in decane?10 carbon atoms and 22 hydrogen atoms are covalently linked together to form the hydrocarbon decane. Decane is a member of the enormous organic family known as alkanes. The only atoms in the hydrocarbon molecules of the alkane family are carbon and hydrogen.
An alkyne with 16 carbon atoms has how many hydrogen atoms?Consequently, the alkyne with 16 hydrogen atoms has the formula C9H16 C 9 H 16. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond connecting the carbon atoms. Their usual formula is CnH2n, or C n H 2 n. 2n = 44, where n is the number of hydrogen atoms.
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What is the correct sequence of steps for the preparation of a pure sample of copper(ii) sulfate crystals from copper(ii) oxide and sulfuric acid?.
The correct sequence of steps for the preparation of a pure sample of copper(II) sulfate crystals from copper(II) oxide and sulfuric acid is dissolving → evaporation filtration → crystallization.
what is crystallization?
When atoms or molecules are tightly ordered into a structure known as a crystal, a solid is said to have crystallized.
Explanation:
The crystalline form is the most pure form of any material, hence any extraction that yields the component in this form is a pure sample.
The following methods will result in copper(II) sulfate crystals from copper(II) oxide and sulfuric acid:
First, we warm in a water bath after adding sulfuric acid to a beaker.
Then, we add some copper(II) oxide powder to the beaker, and we keep adding until there is an excess.
Then we filter the combination, add the copper(II) sulfate filtrate to an evaporating basin, and heat the solution to make the water in it evaporate by half.
Finally, copper(II) sulfate crystals are obtained by pouring the aforementioned solution into an evaporating basin and letting it sit there until all the water has evaporated.
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add one or more curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in the reaction: to draw the arrows, select more in the drawing menu, then select the appropriate curved arrow. click on a bond or electron to start a curved arrow. do not start from an atom. use the select tool to move the arrow head and tail to the desired placement. the curved arrow changes from red to black when appropriately placed. draw a curved arrow. do not add or delete any bonds or atoms.
Do not add or delete any bonds or atoms. H3C - O - O - CH -HCOCH2.
The electron is a subatomic particle with a poor primary electric-powered fee. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family and are generally conceived to be simple debris due to the fact they haven't any acknowledged additives or substructure.
Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit across the outside of the nucleus. They spin so rapidly that it could be difficult for scientists to examine them. they're drawn to the fine rate of the protons and are the smallest debris in an atom - you could match 2000 of them into a proton.
Electrons are the smallest of the debris that makes up an atom, and they create a bad charge. The number of protons and electrons is the same in a neutral atom. The hydrogen atom, for example, has simply one electron and one proton.
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a reaction has an activation energy of 180 kj/mol. if the reaction were completed at 100, 200, 300, and 400 oc, which would you expect to have the smallest rate constant?
The activation energy of a reaction is 180 kJ/mol. Which of the following rates would you expect if the reaction was completed at 100, 200, 300, or 400 oc...
How do you calculate a reaction's activation energy?
Activation energy calculation:
Using the Arrhenius Equation to calculate the rate constant k at various temperatures.
A reaction's activation energy can be calculated.
The activation energy can be calculated using the equation: ln (k 2 / k 1) = E a / R (1 / T 1 - 1 / T 2).
How do you calculate kJ mol activation energy?
Problem with Activation Energy
Convert temperatures from degrees Celsius to Kelvin in Step 1. T = 273.15 + degrees Celsius T1 = 3 + 273.15. ...
Step 2 - Locate
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All of the following species contain N-O bond(s): NO-, NO2-, NO3-Draw the Lewis structure(s) for each, then answer the following questionsWhich has the strongest N-O bond? --A. NO⁻B. NO₂⁻C. NO₃⁻Which has the longest N-O bond? --A.NO⁻B.NO₂⁻C. NO₃⁻
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms and ions that holds them to form new molecules or crystals. The bond between one species and another differs in strength and length.
In NO bonds, the more oxygens it contains the more spread out their electron density. The more oxygen atoms cause the bond order to decrease, resulting in this conclusion: the higher the bond order, the stronger and the shorter the bond. NO₃⁻ contains more oxygen, thus it has the longest and the weakest N-O bond.
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The first five ionization energies (IE_1 through iE_5) of a Period 2 element have the following pattern: Make reasonable guess about which element this is. Enter its chemical symbol below.
There is huge difference in ionisation energy between IE4 and IE5. This means, lots of energy are required to remove 5th electron. So, after 4 electrons are removed, the element has acquired noble gas configuration,. So, ether are 4 valence electrons in the element.
The element in period 2 with 4 valence electrons is Carbon
Answer: C
Chemically, carbon is an element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. Carbon, which is categorized as a nonmetal, is a solid at ambient temperature. Unattached or attached to an atom, an electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle (not bound). One of the three main types of particles inside an atom, along with protons and neutrons, is an electron that is linked to the atom.
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Place the following compounds in order of increasing strength of intermolecular forces
CO2 F2 NH2CH3
F2
The order of increasing strength of intermolecular forces of the following compounds is F2 < CO2 < NH2CH3.
Describe intermolecular forces.
The term “Intermolecular forces” is utilized to describe the forces of attraction between atoms, molecules, and ions when they are placed close to one another.
Explanation:
Strongest due to the hydrogen bonds is NH2CH3 (other bonds are present but the Hydrogen bonds are key as it has the strongest attraction)
Due to Dipole-Dipole attraction and London dispersion, CO2 is the second-strongest gas.
Only dispersion forces seem to be at effect because F2 is the weakest and nonpolar.
Therefore, the order of increasing strength of intermolecular forces of the following compounds is F2 < CO2 < NH2CH3.
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Consider two separate samples of sf6 (g) and n2 (g), both at 1. 00 atm and containing same number of moles. If the temperature of the sf6 (g) sample is 16. 0 oc, at what temperature (oc) will the n2 (g) sample have the same root mean square velocity as sf6 (g)?
The temperature of N2 will be -217.6 C.
Define molar mass:
A chemical compound's mass M is equal to its amount of substance, expressed in moles, multiplied by its mass.
By definition:
Vrms = sqrt ( 3RT/M)
Here R is the gas constant
Given:
N2 and SF6 have the same root mean square velocity
so
Tn2 / Mn2 = Tsf6 / Msf6
Given:
Tsf6 = 16 C = 22 + 273 K = 289 K
Msf6 = 146.06 g/mol
Mn2 = 28 g/mol
Tn2 = ??
Now,
Tn2 / 28 = 289 K / 146.06
Tn2 = 55.40 K
Tn2 = 55.40 - 273 C
Tn2 = -217.6 C
Therefore, the temperature of N2 will be -217.6 C.
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which of the following are true statements regarding electronegativity? select all that apply, this is a multiple response question.
1. Electricity gain. The energy released when an atom accepts an electron is measured by enthalpy.
Thus, the first one is false as stated. The amount of energy released when an atom receives an electron is measured as electronegativity.
2. The ability of a boned atom to attract other atoms is known as electronegativity.
Because it mentioned an attractive force between two electrons in the same orbital, the second one is equally wrong.
3. Ionization. The energy needed to extract an electron from an atom is measured by enthalpy.
As a result, the third one is also inaccurate. The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom is measured as electronegativity.
4. Electronegativity is a measurement of the strength of the attraction of electrons in a covalent bond to an atom.
It is accurate because covalent bonds can have polar or nonpolar atoms and still exhibit electronegativity.
5. Electronegativity is a characteristic that indicates whether a bond is polar or non-polar.
Since electronegativities between atoms can be used to predict whether a bond between them is polar or nonpolar, the fifth option is true.
6. Electronegativity falls from top to bottom as atom size increases and bonding electrons move farther from the nucleus. Electronegativity increases when travelling from left to right as well, but given this, it should be decreasing to the right side, which is erroneous.
Because electronegativity rises from left to right and falls from top to bottom, this is false.
So, The statement 1, 2, 3, 6 are incorrect and statement 4 &4 are correct.
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How many moles of cyanocobalamin molecules are present in 250 mg cyanocobalamin?.
Answer:
1.84x10^-4 moles of cyanocobalamin
Explanation:
The challenge here is to find the molar mass of cyanocobalamin. The molecule has the chemical formula of:
C63H88CoN14O14P
Molar mass is calculated by adding the atomic masses of each atom in the compound. (e.g., 63 carbons at 12 each, etc.). The molar mass is found to be 1355.4 g/mole.
1355.4 grams of cyanocobalamin will contain 1 mole, or 6.02x10^23 molecules of cyanocobalamin. But we only have 250 mg, or 0.250 grams of the compound. Use the molar mass as a conversion factor by dividing the mass by the molar mass:
(0.250 g)/(1355.4 g/mole) = 1.84x10^-4 moles
The grams cancel and the moles moves to the top, leaving only moles cyanocobalamin. While 1.84x10^-4 moles of cyanocobalamin doesn't sound like much, it represents:
(1.84x10^-4 moles)*(6.02x10^23 molecules/mole) = 1.11x10^20 molecules of cyanocobalamin