The moisture from a hydrated salt can be removed through normal heating. But the water of crystallization is incorporated within the crystal structure of the salt and difficult to remove.
What is water of crystallization?The water of crystallization is the water molecules that make up a salt crystal's structure. The water of crystallization is water that has chemically joined with a crystal structure.
The entire amount of water in a crystal at a specific temperature is known as the water of crystallization, and it often exists in a specific ratio in various contexts. A metal complex's crystalline structure contains water, as does a salt that isn't chemically connected to the metal cation.
Therefore, the water content inside the crystal lattice of the salt needs more heat energy to be removed.
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Jade wanted to test the effect of ice on the weathering of rocks. She filled two containers with gypsum and placed a water balloon in one of the containers. She put both containers in a freezer for few hours and cut open the containers. She found out that the gypsum block with the water balloon cracked while the other block did not. How is this similar to the weathering of rocks by ice?
two blocks of gypsum, one has a water balloon in it and is cracked
The gypsum block cracks, just like rocks when the temperature increases.
The water balloon pops, causing the water to flow just like rain flows over rocks.
The water contracts as it freezes, just like the water seeps into the cracks of rocks.
The water in the balloon freezes and expands, just like the water in the cracks of rocks.
She found out that the gypsum block with the water balloon cracked while the other block did not.The water in the balloon freezes and expands, just like the water in the cracks of rocks - is this similar to the weathering of rocks by ice.
What is gypsum?Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral that is made up of calcium sulfate dihydrate and has the chemical formula CaSO₄ . 2H₂O. It is extensively mined, and used as fertilizer, the primary ingredient in many types of plaster, sidewalk or blackboard chalk, and drywall, and it is also widely utilized as a building material.
In nature, water flows from small rivers and occasionally through fissures in the rocks or terrain, and when it freezes, it puts too much pressure on the rock, causing it to split. The similarity in Jades' test is that the water balloon has water when it is placed in the gypsum, and when she adds a cold environment, the ice within the water balloon freezes and expands, putting too much pressure on the rock, causing it to shatter.
Ice Wedging is a example of this.
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Calculate the energy change for the below reaction in kJ per pound.
For the chemical reaction (CH₃)₂NNH₂(l) + 4H₂O(g) → N₂(g) + 4H₂O(g) + 2CO₂(g), the energy change in kJ per pound is -1.28 x 10⁴ kJ/lb.
How to calculate energy change?The enthalpy change of the reaction, (CH₃)₂NNH₂(l) + 4H₂O(g) → N₂(g) + 4H₂O(g) + 2CO₂(g) is ΔH° = -1694 kJ (kilojoules)
To convert kJ to kJ per pound, 1 pounds is = 0.453592 kg
And converting to gram, 0.453592 kg x 1000 = 453.592 g
Approximately 1 lb = 453.6 g
Using the molar mass of dimethyl hydrazine ( (CH₃)₂NNH₂), 60.1 g/mol.
ΔE in kJ/lb = Δ in enthalpy/molar mass x weight
ΔE = (-1694 kJ/60.1 g) x (453.6 g/1 lb)
ΔE = -12785.33
ΔE = -1.28 x 10⁴ kJ/lb
The energy change derived from the reaction using the change in enthalpy and molar mass in kilojoules per pounds is -1.28 x 10⁴ kJ/lb.
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Guys I really need to you answer this question for me pleaseeeee. Describe one situation in which forces are created.
The application of force in the direction of the motion of an object. The second scenario involves applying force to a moving item that is traveling in the opposite direction.
What is force ?A force is an influence that has the power to alter an object's motion. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. A force has both a direction and a magnitude.
Force is used to describe a body's tendency to modify or change its state as a result of an external cause. When force is applied, the body can also alter its size, shape, and direction.
A push or pull that an object experiences as a result of interacting with another item is known as a force. Every time two items interact, a force is exerted on each of the objects. The force is no longer felt by the two objects when the interaction ends.
Thus, Force applied to an item in motion that originates in any direction constitutes the third situation where force is created.
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What test can i use to determine what’s inside of a bubble
How much oxygen (O) is in 5.07x10^6 atoms of oxygen?
Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, there are 8.41×10⁻¹⁸moles of oxygen in 5.07x10⁶atoms of oxygen.
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity of amount of substance.
Given number of atoms= 5.07x10⁶atoms
we know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number.
mole =given number of atoms ÷ 6.022×10²³(Avogadro number)
Substituting the values
mole of oxygen=5.07x10⁶÷ 6.022×10²³
mole of oxygen =8.41×10⁻¹⁸
Therefore, there are 8.41×10⁻¹⁸moles of oxygen in 5.07x10⁶atoms of oxygen.
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Which of the following is NOT a group of elements on the Periodic Table?
Noble Gases
Alkaline Earth Metals
Alkali Gases
Transition Metals
Answer:
Alkali gases
Explanation:
Noble gases - Group 18
Alkaline Earth Metals - Group 2
Transition metals - Group 3 - 12
Alkali gases do not exist on the periodic table
How far away is the epic center if the p-save and s- wave arrived 4 minutes apart?
- 2,200km
- 2,400km
2,600km
2,800km
1 mole of an ionic compound is equal to the?
Answer: 1 mole of an ionic compound is the number of grams equal to its formula weight (FW) and is known as its molar mass.
Explanation: Hope this helped :)
Mole measure the number of elementary entities of a given substance that are present in a given sample. Therefore, 1 mole of an ionic compound is equal to the molar mass or formula weight.
What is mole?The SI unit of amount of substance in chemistry is mole. The mole is used to measure the quantity or amount of substance. We know one mole of any element contains 6.022×10²³ atoms which is also called Avogadro number. stoichiometry in a reaction represents the number of moles of reactant and products in a balanced chemical equation.
Mathematically,
mole =given mass ÷ molar mass
The molar mass of such an ionic compound is defined as the amount of grams equal towards its formula weight (FW).
Therefore, 1 mole of an ionic compound is equal to the molar mass or formula weight.
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A sample of gas is inside a container. Classify each change based on whether it would increase or decrease the pressure
inside the container. Assume that variables not mentioned don't change.
Drag each tile to the correct
location.
Pressure Increases Pressure Decreases
The pressure will increase on increasing the temperature of container. is the correct answer
What is pressure ?
Pressure is a measure of the force applied perpendicular to a surface per unit area. The unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI) is the pascal (Pa), but other units, such as atmospheres (atm), bar, torr, and pounds per square inch (psi), are also commonly used, depending on the context. Pressure can be generated by many different sources, including the weight of a column of a fluid, the compression of a gas, and the tension in a solid object. In physics and engineering, pressure is often used to describe the state of a fluid in a container, such as a gas in a cylinder or a liquid in a tank. In this context, pressure is related to the height of the fluid column and the density of the fluid.
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1. Location A is within the eye of the tropical cyclone. B, C and D are locations that are more and more distant from the eye. The air pressure at the different locations are: Location A B C Air pressure* 930 960 980 in millibars (mb) *Air pressure refers to the weight of air over a certain area. Compare the air pressures at A, B, C and D. What do you notice? 18 D 990
toThis is a Valid statement about pressure .
What is pressure?
Pressure is continues physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with.
Sol-We know the idol gas equation, idyl gas equation. P v is equals to n r t. We can write the equation. As of the p is equal to n r upon v into p. Now n r upon v is equals to constant, is equals to constant. So we can write. P is equal to c into t. So now let us consider the ambient by the condition, which is p not equals to 101325 p. A and t naught is equal to 90 degrees. Fahrenheit will convert this value kelvin and get 5048.37 kelvin. So the value of p, not anti. Note is 0 now from the modified idol equation. We are have p equal to c t, so we can write it as a p. Not is equal to c and t not so the we'll substitute the values 1013 to 5 p, a which is equal to c 2348.37 kelvin.
So here we get the value of c, which is equals to 43.147. So from this we can say that the change by in pressure for the 10 degree temperature by the drops so here delta equal to delta, which is equal to the 10 degrees fahrenheit. We can again convert this value in the kelvin and we get 260.93 kelvin, so delta to p is equal to c into delta. This will be delap equals to 43.147, as we get the value of c and 2 red 60.93 kelvin p, so delta p is equal to 43.147 So from this we can say We can again convert this value in the kelvin by it and we are get the 260.93 kelvin, so delta p is equal to c into delta. This will be delap equals to 43.147, as we get the value of c and 2 red 60.93 kelvin p, so delta p is equal to 43.147 and 260.93 kelvin upon 694.75 p s. I so we are finally get the value of delta p, which is equals to 1.63 p s. I.
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Sublimation of an element or compound is the change from a solid directly to a gas with no intermediate liquid stage. Sharada was told that if pepper seeds are placed along with camphor, the sublimation of camphor would reduce. Of these boxes, (some are open and some are closed) which two should she use to check whether this is true?
Give a detailed answer
The two which she should use to check whether the sublimation of camphor would reduce if pepper seeds are placed along with it are P and S and is denoted as option C.
What is Sublimation?This is referred to as the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state and an example is iodine crystal.
Options P and S are both open boxes and one contains only camphor while the other contains camphor and pepper seeds which is used to compare their rate of sublimation to know if the addition of the seeds caused a reduction.
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How many atoms are in 3.98 mol of pure aluminum?
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \boxed{2.39 \times {10}^{24} \: \text{atoms}}}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the number of entities in a given substance we use the formula
[tex] \bold{N = n \times L} [/tex]
where n is the number of moles
N is the number of entities
L is the Avogadro's constant which is
6.02 × 10²³ entities
From the question;
n = 3.98 mol
N = 3.98 × 6.02 × 10²³ = 2.39 × 10²⁴
We have the final answer as
[tex] \bold{2.39 \times {10}^{24} \: \text{atoms}}[/tex]
Given the following nuclear reaction:
224/88 Ra → 4/2 He + A/Z X
Given the nuclear reaction above, the following applies;
The atomic mass of the new atom is 220 (option K)The atomic number of the new atom is 86 (option L)The symbol of the new atom is Radon (option E)The type of decay demonstrated is alpha decay (option F)What is a nuclear reaction?Nuclear reaction is a process such as the fission of an atomic nucleus, or the fusion of one or more atomic nuclei and/or subatomic particles in which the number of protons and/or neutrons in a nucleus changes.
The reaction products may contain a different element or a different isotope of the same element.
Alpha decay is a radioactive decay by emitting an alpha particle, which is a positively charged nucleus of a helium-4 atom (consisting of two protons and two neutrons).
Based on the above explanation, the above-mentioned applies when radium atom undergoes alpha decay.
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Given 5.0 x 1024 K2SO4 formula units, how many moles are present?
Answer:
[tex] \huge{ \bold{ \text{8.31 moles}}}[/tex]
Explanation:
To find the number of moles in a substance given it's number of entities we use the formula
[tex] \bold{n= \frac{N}{L}}\\ [/tex]
where n is the number of moles
N is the number of entities
L is the Avogadro's constant which is
6.02 × 10²³ entities
From the question
N = 5.0 × 10²⁴ [tex] K_2SO_4 \: \text{formula units} [/tex]
[tex] \: n = \frac{5 \times {10}^{24} }{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } \\ = 8.3056[/tex]
We have the final answer as
8.31 molesIn the titration described in the previous problem, EDTA binds calcium ions with 1:1
stoichiometry.
If you begin the titration with a beaker containing 247 mL of CaCl₂ solution, and observe a color
change after adding a total of 36.8 mL of 1.69 M EDTA solution, what was the molar concentration
of the initial CaCl2 solution? PLEASE HELP
By dividing the number of moles by the number of litres of water utilised in the solution, we can compute the molar concentration. Ca2+ is present in the initial CaCl2 solution at a 42 mEq/L concentration.
Molar concentration is defined.
Molarity, which is stated as the quantity of substance per unit volume of solution, is a measurement of the concentration of a chemical species, particularly a solute, in solution.
As a result, to determine the molar concentration, we will divide the number of moles by the number of litres of water used in the solution. Ca2+ is present in the initial CaCl2 solution at a 42 mEq/L concentration.
equation:-
[tex]1 :1 stoichiometry, 36.8mL of 1.69 EDTA solution.[/tex]
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Use the information provided to determine ΔH°rxn for the following reaction:
CH4(g) + 3 Cl2(g) CHCl3 (l) + 3 HCl(g) ΔH°rxn = ?
ΔH°f (kJ/mol)
CH4(g) – 75
CHCl3 (l) – 134
HCl(g) – 92
Based on the information of enthalpy values provided, the Enthalpy of the reaction is -335 kJ; option c.
What is the enthalpy of a reaction?The enthalpy of a reaction is a measure of heat changes that occur when a reaction occurs to form a product.
The enthalpy of a reaction measures the sum total of the heat that is absorbed or liberated in a given reaction where products are formed from the reactants.
The formula for calculating the heat change of a reaction is given below:
Enthalpy of reaction = sum of enthalpy of the products - sum of enthalpies of the reactantsFor the given reaction:
Enthalpy of the reaction = [(-134 + 3 * (-92) - (-750] kJ
Enthalpy of the reaction = -335 kJ
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The activity series ranks metallic ions from most reactive to least reactive.
In addition to metallic ions, we should consider the halogens. The elements in the
halogen family are ranked from most active to least as we move down the column.
That means a halogen at the top of the column will replace the elements below them
on the periodic table but not the other way around.
Highest
Activity
Lowest Activity
Group I & II
metals
Li
Ba
Ca.
Na
Misc. Metals
Mg
2252 22
Zn
Ni
Sn
Pb
Replace
Replace
Other reactivity hydrogen in hydrogen from
water
acid
Transition
Metals
Cu
Ag
Pt
Do not replace
hydrogen from
water or acids
Based on this information, determine which reaction will NOT occur?
OFeCl₂ + Br₂ →
02 NaI + Cl₂ →
OFe(NO3)3 + Al →
OSn + H₂SO4 →
Halogens
F
CI
Br
1
***
The reaction that would not occur based on the electrochemical series is; FeCl₂ + Br₂ →
What is the activity series?When we talk about the activity series, we need to be thinking about the ease with which elements react. If we are dealing with the metals we have to talk about the ease with which the metals are able to loose one or more electrons.
If we are dealing with the non metals, we have to look out how easily that the element is going to be able to accept one or more electrons. It is also clear that an element can only be able to any element that is below it in the periodic table of the elements.
We would now have to look at the replacements reaction to know the one in which a lower element in the series is reaction with a higher one. Armed with the knowledge of the table it is clear that bromine can not replace chlorine from its salt.
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Which physical property does mica show in this image?
picture: a small flat piece of grey, stone like mineral
The most well-known feature of mica is arguably their flawless cleavage into thin elastic sheets. The sheet structure mentioned manifests as the cleavage.
What is mica ?The silicate mineral family known as micas is distinguished by the ease with which individual mica crystals can break into incredibly thin, elastic plates. Perfect basal cleavage is the term used to describe this feature.
Mica is very reflective and has good cleavage, which allows it to separate into thin, resilient sheets that are the mineral group's defining feature. Thin sheets are translucent or transparent if they are deeply colored.
Thus, The most well-known feature of mica is arguably their flawless cleavage into thin elastic sheets.
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Many organisms, especially ______________ organisms, reproduce by means of cell
Answer: Single-celled eukaryotic organisms.
Explanation:
A substance is a liquid at room temperature and dissolves well in water. It does not conducts electricity. What type of bonds does it have?
Answer:
ionec ,covalent ,molecular
The table shows the nature of the reactants and products formed in a certain type of chemical reaction.
Nature of Reactants and Products
Reactants Products
Ionic compound + Ionic compound Ionic compound + Ionic compound
Which of the following is true about this type of chemical reaction?
It is a single replacement reaction, and all four compounds are different.
It is a double replacement reaction, and all four compounds are different.
It is a single replacement reaction, and each compound has the same set of ions.
It is a double replacement reaction, and each compound has the same set of ions.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
A
We have been thinking about two claims that are possible explanations for how the channel on Mars was formed. We have considered evidence from images, as well as from the Flowing Water Model and the Flowing Lava Model.
1. Select the claim you think is best supported by the evidence you have seen so far.
Responses
Claim 1: Flowing water formed the channel on Mars.
Claim 1: Flowing water formed the channel on Mars.
Claim 2: Flowing lava formed the channel on Mars.
Claim 2: Flowing lava formed the channel on Mars.
2. Why do you think the claim you selected is best supported by the evidence?
The claim that can be supported is that the channels in mars are made by the flow of lave and not by water. Thus, claim 2 is supportive.
What is channels in mars?According to the new studies of the surface features of mars there are some channels found through the plates of mars. At least one of the meandering channels on the surface of Mars can possibly be explained by the fact that flowing lava can create or carve patterns that resemble the riverbeds and canyons cut by water.
NASA delivered this talk on these findings on March 4, 2010, at the 41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
The possibility of discovering life on Mars is supposed to be affected by the question of whether the channels on Mars were produced by lava or by water.
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Volume in ml of 0.220 m hbr solution is required to produce 0.0170 moles
Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute present in 1L of solution.
Molality (M) = No of moles of solute / 1 L of solution
Litre of solution = No of moles of solute / Molality
Molality = 0.220M
No of moles= 0.0170 mol
Volume in L = 0.0170/0.220
= 0.0772 L
Volume in mL = 77.27 mL
What is mole?
A mole is a very important unit of measurement used by chemists.moles of something means there are 602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 number of something.Chemists need to measure very small things such as atoms, molecules and other particles in moles.602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000 is called Avogadro's number, abbreviated as 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex]Therefore, Volume in ml of 0.220 m hbr solution is required to produce 0.0170 moles is 77.27 mL.
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A model of a chemical reaction is shown below. Which of the following best describes the number of atoms for each element in the chemical reaction? A. There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 3 oxygen atoms on the product side. B. There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the product side. C. There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 8 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the product side. D. There are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 12 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and 1 carbon atom, 2 hydrogen atoms, and 3 oxygen atoms on the product side.
The following which best describes the number of atoms for each element in the chemical reaction C₆H₁₂0₆ +60₂---> 6H₂0 + 6CO₂ is that there are 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms and 18 oxygen atoms on the product side which is therefore denoted as option B.
What is a Chemical equation?This is referred to as the representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae and depicts the elements or compounds which are involved.
According to the law of conservation of mass, the masses and elements of the products and reactants must be the same which is therefore why the total number of elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen on the reactant and product side are equal.
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The full question is:
A model of a chemical reaction is shown below C₆H₁₂0₆ +60₂---> 6H₂0 + 6CO₂. Which of the following best describes the number of atoms for each element in the chemical reaction?
ii. Balance the equations for atoms (except 0 and H). (.5 point)
Answer:
Cl2 + 2 e- or E
Explanation:
MnO₄⁻ + 8CL⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 4CL₂ is the balanced equation for given reaction.
The balanced equation for MnO₄⁻ + CL⁻ → Mn²⁺ + CL₂ is
= MnO₄⁻ + 8CL⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 4CL₂
Each element has an equal number of atoms on both sides thanks to the balancing process. Eight chloride ions are needed to produce the four chlorine molecules necessary to maintain equilibrium between the oxygen and chlorine atoms on the left. By following the law of conservation of mass, this equation makes sure that no atoms are created or destroyed during the chemical reaction.
permanganate ion MnO₄⁻ reacts with chloride ion CL⁻ to yield manganese(II) ion and chlorine gas (Mn²⁺ + CL₂).
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A 1.0 mL sample of seawater is determined to contain 2.5 × 10–14 moles of dissolved gold.
What is the volume of the sample in milliliters?
How many moles of gold are dissolved in 1.0 mL of seawater?
What is the relationship (equality) between moles of a substance and the number of particles in that substance?
The volume of the sample in milliliters is 1.0 ml and number of moles of gold dissolved in 1 ml of sea water is 2.5×10[tex]^-14[/tex] moles which is mentioned in the question and 1 mole of substance has 6.023×10²³ particles.
What is a mole?Mole is defined as the unit of amount of substance . It is the quantity measure of amount of substance of how many elementary particles are present in a given substance.
It is defined as exactly 6.022×10²³ elementary entities. The elementary entity can be a molecule, atom ion depending on the type of substance. Amount of elementary entities in a mole is called as Avogadro's number.
It is widely used in chemistry as a suitable way for expressing amounts of reactants and products.For the practical purposes, mass of one mole of compound in grams is approximately equal to mass of one molecule of compound measured in Daltons. Molar mass has units of gram per mole . In case of molecules, where molar mass in grams present in one mole of atoms is its atomic mass.
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What charge will each of the following elements generally create when they become ions? Some options will be used more than once.
1. Sulfur
2. Phosphorous
3. Oxygen
4. Potassium
5. Sodium
6. Strontium
7. Fluorine
8. Aluminum
The charge on the elements when they form ions would be as follows:
Sulfur: -2Phosphorus: -3Oxygen: -2Potassium: +1Sodium: +1Strontium: +2Fluorine: -1Aluminum: +3Charges on ions of elementsThe charges formed by ions of elements depend primarily on the valence electron of the atoms of the element. In other words, the charges on ions of elements depend on the number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom of the element.
Every element move towards assuming an octet state, a state of completely filled outermost shell with 8 electrons. Thus, atoms tend to either readily donate or accept electrons in order to assume an octet state.
Thus:
Sulfur has 6 electrons in its valence shell and will readily accept 2 electrons to become an octet. Thus, the charge on a sulfur ion is -2. Phosphorus has 5 electrons in its outermost shell and will readily accept 3 electrons to become an octet. Thus, phosphorus ion has -3 charge.Oxygen has 6 valence electrons and will readily accept 2. Thus, the charge is -2.Potassium has 1 valence electron and will readily donate it. Thus, the charge is +1.Sodium has 1 valence electron and will readily donate it. Thus, the charge is +1.Strontium has 2 valence electrons and will readily donate. Thus, the charge is +2.Fluorine has 7 valence electrons and readily accepts 1 more to become an octet. Thus, the charge is -1.Aluminum has 3 valence electrons and will readily donate. Thus, the charge is +3More on the formation of ions can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/305470
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In a double bond, two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. Based on this information, draw the hydrogen atoms such that each carbon atom has four bonds. Then record the number of hydrogen atoms you drew using a text box.
Answer:
I got it right on Pluto
Explanation:
You are pretty much just taking away 2 of the hydrogen
Use the standard reaction enthalpies given below to determine Delta H°xn for the following reaction:
2 S(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2SO3(g) delta H°rxn = ?
Given:
SO2(g) → S(s) + O2(g) Delta H°rxn = +296.8 kJ
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) Delta -H°rxn = -197.8 kJ
Using the standard reaction enthalpies,
For, 2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g) , ΔH⁰(reaction) = - 791 KJ
What is standard enthalpy?The standard enthalpy of the reaction describe as energy released or gain by the reaction at the time of reaction done or transformation of compound by chemical reaction, during these chemical process heat energy released or required from reaction. And standard enthalpy calculated as amount of heat released or required per mole of reaction at constant pressure.
Enthalpy of the reaction depends on the volume, pressure and internal energy of the reaction or system so, enthalpy is a state function. And value of enthalpy may be negative or positive because its show the state of reactions means reaction required energy or reaction released energy and it denoted by the negative and positive value of enthalpy.
Enthalpy denoted by the: ΔH⁰
and its unit is kJ/mol. According to Hess’s law total enthalpy change of the reaction is the sum of all individual changes in enthalpy.
Change in enthalpy calculated by the, ΔH = q
or, ΔH = H(reactant) - H(product)
or, q = H(reactant) - H(product)
or, ΔH⁰ = H(reactant) - H(product)
Where,
ΔH = change in enthalpy
q = heat or energy.
So, Enthalpy change for the reaction:
ΔH⁰ = ∑ΔH(product) - ∑ΔH(reactant)
Now, write the reaction and find balance chemical reaction:
SO₂(g) → S(s) + O₂(g) , ΔH⁰ = +296.8 kJ ............. (i)
2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2SO₃ (g) , ΔH⁰ = -197.8 kJ ................(ii)
Next, to determine ΔH⁰(reaction) for the following reaction:
2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g)
to find enthalpy so, first reverse the reaction equation (i)
S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g), ΔH⁰ = - 296.8 kJ .......... (iii)
[If we reverse the chemical reaction than standard enthalpy of these reaction also goes to reverse so]
Now, multiply the reaction equation (iii) by 2 and get-
2S(s) + 2O₂(g) → 2SO₂(g), ΔH⁰ = -593.6 kJ ……(iv)
Now, add the reaction equation (ii) and reaction equation (iv):
2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2SO₃ (g) , ΔH⁰ = -197.8 kJ
2S(s) + 2O₂(g) → 2SO₂(g), ΔH⁰ = -593.6 kJ
from adding reaction equation (ii) and (iv) we get the reaction, we get:
2S(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2SO₃(g) , ΔH⁰(reaction) = ( -197.8 kJ) + (-593.6 kJ)
= - 791 KJ
[Standard enthalpies of the reaction are negative means reaction required energy to done reaction completely]
To know more about standard reaction enthalpies refer to:
https://brainly.com/question/14879576
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What is the area civilization began?
Answer: Mesopotamia
Civilizations first appeared in Mesopotamia (what is now Iraq) and later in Egypt. Civilizations thrived in the Indus Valley by about 2500 B.C.E., in China by about 1500 B.C.E., and in Central America (what is now Mexico) by about 1200 B.C.E. Civilizations ultimately developed on every continent except Antarctica.
Hope this helps!