4 Fe(s)+3 O2(g) + 2 Fe2O3(s) HΔ= -1652 kJ
a. How much heat is released when 4.00 mol iron is reacted
with excess O 2?
b. How much heat is released when 1.00 mol Fe 2 O3 is produced?
c. How much heat is released when 1.00 g iron is reacted with
excess O 2?

The equation q = mcT, where m is the mass of the sample, c is the specific heat, and T is the temperature change, can be used to determine how much heat is gained or lost by a sample (q).

A process that absorbs energy from its surroundings, typically in the form of heat, is said to be endothermic. The melting of an ice cube is one illustration.

The amount of energy needed to melt 1 g of ice at 0 °C is 334 J, often known as the latent heat of melting. Liquid water has 334 J g-1 greater energy at absolute zero.

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Count the number of oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation and compare them. The number of oxygen atoms should be equal on both sides of a balanced equation.

The chemical substance oxygen has a number in the atomic structure of 8. (it has eight protons in its nucleus). At common temperatures and pressures, oxygen turns into the chemical substance (O2) of two atoms, which is a colorless gas.

Three oxygen molecules (O3) combine to form the odorless, colorless gas known as ozone, that occurs naturally in the atmosphere. Both the higher atmosphere of the Earth, known as the stratosphere, and the lower atmosphere, known as the troposphere, can contain it.

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To determine the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over by the chemical reaction, we need to first balance the chemical equation:

2 C₆H₁₄ + 19 O₂ → 12 CO₂ + 14 H₂O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of hexane react with 19 moles of oxygen to produce 12 moles of carbon dioxide and 14 moles of water.

Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of hexane and oxygen in the given masses:

Number of moles of hexane = 46. g / 86.18 g/mol = 0.533 mol

Number of moles of oxygen = 66.1 g / 32.00 g/mol = 2.066 mol

To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the number of moles of each reactant to their respective stoichiometric coefficients. The stoichiometric coefficient for hexane is 2, and the coefficient for oxygen is 19/2 = 9.5.

Since the number of moles of oxygen is greater than the number of moles required for the reaction (9.5 times the number of moles of hexane), oxygen is in excess and hexane is the limiting reactant.

Using the balanced equation, we can calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide and water produced:

Number of moles of carbon dioxide = 0.533 mol × (12 mol CO2 / 2 mol hexane) = 3.198 mol CO₂

Number of moles of water = 0.533 mol × (14 mol H2O / 2 mol hexane) = 3.731 mol H₂O

Finally, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to calculate the number of moles of hexane that react completely:

Number of moles of hexane that react = 0.533 mol

Therefore, the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over is:

Mass of hexane left over = (0.533 mol) × (86.18 g/mol) = 45.9 g

Rounding to three significant digits, the minimum mass of hexane that could be left over is 45.9 g.

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Answer:

The answer is Calcium bromide

The Gibbs free energy at 298 K for the given reaction is 130.822 KJ

The Gibbs free energy for a given reaction is given by the following formula:

ΔG = ΔH – TΔS

Where

With the above formula, we can determine the Gibbs free energy for the reaction in the above question as follow:

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS

ΔG = 178.8 - (298 × 0.161)

ΔG = 178.8 - 47.978

ΔG = 130.822 KJ

Thus, the Gibbs free energy is 130.822 KJ

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We must combine 25.9 mL of the benzoic acid solution with 74.1 mL of the sodium benzoate solution in order to create a 100.0 mL pH 4.00 buffer solution using 0.100 M benzoic acid and 0.180 M sodium benzoate.

With sodium benzoate and benzoic acid, we may create a pH 4.00 buffer using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH equals pKa plus log([A-]/[HA])

Rearranging the equation to find the ratio of [A-]/[HA] will enable us to create a buffer with a pH of 4.00:

[A-]/[HA] = 10^(pH - pKa) (pH - pKa)

[A-]/[HA] = 0.630

0.630 * 0.100 M benzoic acid * V2 = 0.180 M sodium benzoate

V1 + V2 = 100.0 mL

One variable can be solved for in terms of another:

V1 = 0.350 V2

then enter the following expression as V1 in the second equation:

1.350 V2 = 100.0 mL

V2 = 74.1 mL

V1 = 0.350 * 74.1 mL = 25.9 mL

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C.) Schrodinger's Quantum Mechanical Model is the electron model currently accepted by modern science. This model is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, which describe the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic level.

What is Electron?

An electron is a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge. It is one of the three fundamental particles that make up atoms, along with protons and neutrons. Electrons are much smaller than protons and neutrons, and they orbit around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons play a crucial role in chemical reactions, since they determine the chemical properties of atoms and molecules.

It represents electrons as probability clouds or orbitals, rather than as discrete particles following classical trajectories. This model has been successful in explaining the behavior of electrons in atoms and molecules, and has led to many important discoveries in modern physics and chemistry.

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Answer:

2AgNO3 --> 2AgNO2 + O2

Explanation:

Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Balanced equations ensures that.

Answer:

The balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of the weak base, B, in water is:

B + H2O ⇌ BH+ + OH-

The ICE table for the reaction can be set up as follows:

B + H2O ⇌ BH+ + OH-

I 0.185 M 0 M 0 M

C -x +x +x

E 0.185 - x x x

At equilibrium, the concentration of [BH+] and [OH-] is equal since the acid-base reaction involves the transfer of a proton from the weak base, B, to a water molecule. The [H+] ion concentration can be found by applying the equation:

Kw = [H+][OH-]

where Kw is the ion product constant of water (1.0 × 10^-14 at 25°C).

pH = -log[H+]

pOH = -log[OH-]

pKw = pH + pOH = 14.00

Using the given pH, we can find the [H+] concentration:

pH = 12.95

[H+] = 10^-pH = 7.07 × 10^-13 M

Since Kw = [H+][OH-], we can solve for [OH-]:

Kw = 1.0 × 10^-14 = [H+][OH-]

[OH-] = Kw/[H+] = 1.41 × 10^-2 M

At equilibrium, the [BH+] concentration is equal to the [OH-] concentration. Therefore, we can substitute the [OH-] value we found into the equilibrium expression for Kb to solve for Kb:

Kb = [BH+][OH-]/[B]

Kb = (x)(1.41 × 10^-2)/(0.185 - x)

The value of Kb for the weak base, B, can be found using the pKb expression:

pKb = 14.00 - pKw - pH

pKb = 14.00 - 1.00 - 12.95

pKb = 0.05

Kb = 10^-pKb = 1.00 × 10^-0.05

Substituting this value into the Kb expression gives:

1.00 × 10^-0.05 = (x)(1.41 × 10^-2)/(0.185 - x)

Solving for x gives:

x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M

Therefore, the concentrations of the species at equilibrium are:

[B] = 0.185 M - x = 0.1845 M

[BH+] = x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M

[OH-] = x = 4.70 × 10^-4 M

Answer:

O a. medium of turpentine

The limiting reactant is CH4. This is because the number of moles of CH4 is 4.44mol, while the number of moles of water is 0.86mol. The number of moles of hydrogen produced from the reaction is 8.88mol.

Hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the most abundant element in the universe, making up about 75% of the universe's elemental mass. Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas, which is the most basic and simplest of all elements. It is a highly flammable, light, and combustible gas and burns with a pale blue flame. Hydrogen is a component of water, which is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. In addition, it is found in many organic compounds and is used in the production of ammonia, methanol, and hydrochloric acid

This means that there are not enough moles of water to completely react with the CH4. Therefore, the limiting reactant is CH4.

The number of liters of hydrogen produced from the reaction of 80.0 g of CH4 and 16.3 g of water is 16.3 L. This is because the number of moles of hydrogen produced is 8.88mol, and at STP the volume of 1mol of a gas is 22.4L. Therefore, the volume of 8.88mol of hydrogen is 8.88 x 22.4L = 197.3L. Since the total volume of gas produced is 197.3L and 16.3g of water was used in the reaction, the amount of hydrogen produced is 16.3L.

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There are approximately 6.13 grams of O2 in the 14.0 L balloon at 0.25 atm and 73⁰C.

First we can use the Ideal Gas Law equation:

PV = nRT

Where

First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T = 73⁰C + 273.15 = 346.15 K

Next, we can solve for the number of moles:

n = (PV) / (RT)

n = (0.25 atm × 14.0 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K × 346.15 K)

n = 0.1915 mol

Finally, we can calculate the mass of O2 using the molar mass of O2, which is 32.00 g/mol:

mass = n × molar mass

mass = 0.1915 mol × 32.00 g/mol

mass = 6.13 g

Therefore, there are approximately 6.13 grams of O2 in the 14.0 L balloon at 0.25 atm and 73⁰C.

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(a) The hydrolysis reaction of propyl propanoate is written as CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + CH₃CH₂CH₂OH.

(b) The hydrolysis reaction of N, N-dimethyl propanamide is written as (CH₃)₂NC(CH₃)₂ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + (CH₃)₂NH.

The hydrolysis reaction of propyl propanoate can be represented by the following equation:

Propyl propanoate + Water → Propanoic acid + 1-Propanol

CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₂CH₃ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + CH₃CH₂CH₂OH

The hydrolysis reaction of N, N-dimethyl propanamide can be represented by the following equation:

N, N-dimethyl propanamide + Water → Propanoic acid + Dimethylamine

(CH₃)₂NC(CH₃)₂ + H₂O → CH₃CH₂COOH + (CH₃)₂NH

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D. Helium atoms are created when hydrogen atoms unite.

Nuclear fusion is the process in which two or more atom nuclei join together, or "fuse," to form a single heavier nucleus. This process is what powers the sun and other stars, and it is the same process that is being researched for potential use as an energy source on Earth. In the sun, the process of nuclear fusion involves the combining of hydrogen atoms to make helium atoms.When two or more atomic nuclei join, one or more new atomic nuclei and subatomic particles are created. This reaction is known as nuclear fusion. Energy is released or absorbed depending on how much mass the reactants and products have in common.

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complete question:Which of the following describes the process of nuclear fusion, as it occurs inside our sun?

A Hydrogen and oxygen atoms combine to make water molecules.

B Helium atoms split apart to form hydrogen atoms.

C Water molecules break apart into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

D Hydrogen atoms combine to make helium atoms.

8.8 moles of CuCl are required for 4.4 moles of H2S to totally react.

The unit of measurement known as a mole (mol) is used to represent the quantity of a substance. The amount of a substance that has the same number of particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are in 12 grams of carbon-12 is referred to as a mole. This number, which is roughly 6.022 x 1023, is referred to as Avogadro's number.

The reaction between copper I chloride and hydrogen sulfide has the following balanced chemical equation:

2CuCl + H2S → Cu2S + 2HCl

The balanced equation shows that the reaction between 2 moles of CuCl and 1 mole of H2S results in 2 moles of HCl and 1 mole of Cu2S.

So, we must use stoichiometry to calculate the amount of CuCl needed to thoroughly react with 4.4 moles of H2S:

4.4 moles of H2S × (2 moles of CuCl / 1 mole of H2S) = 8.8 moles of CuCl

As a result, 8.8 moles of CuCl are required for 4.4 moles of H2S to totally react.

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Chemical processes referred to as endothermic reactions occur when the reactants take in heat energy from their environment to create products.

Endothermic reactions quickly and efficiently take up heat-based energy from their surroundings. In contrast, an exothermic process transfers energy into the system's surroundings. A common illustration of an endothermic chemical reaction is photosynthesis.

Chemists refer to the process of boiling water as being endothermic since heat must be added. It follows that since certain processes need heat, others must also produce heat as they operate. They are referred to as exothermic.

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An οxygen atοm has 8 prοtοns and 8 neutrοns. It alsο has 8 electrοns.

The number οf prοtοns in an atοm is equal tο the atοmic number, which is 8 fοr an οxygen atοm. Therefοre, the number οf electrοns must equal the number οf prοtοns, which is 8.

An atοm is the smallest unit οf matter that still retains the prοperties οf an element. Atοms are cοmpοsed οf a nucleus surrοunded by a clοud οf negatively charged electrοns. The nucleus cοntains pοsitively charged prοtοns and electrically neutral neutrοns.

The atοmic number is the number οf prοtοns in the nucleus οf an atοm. It is used tο identify an element, as each element has a unique atοmic number. Fοr example, the atοmic number οf οxygen is 8, as οxygen atοms cοntain 8 prοtοns in their nucleus.

Electrοns are negatively charged particles that οrbit the nucleus οf an atοm. Electrοns determine the chemical prοperties οf an atοm, as they fοrm bοnds with οther atοms. The number οf electrοns in an atοm is equal tο the number οf prοtοns, as atοms must have a neutral charge.

An οxygen atοm has 8 prοtοns, 8 neutrοns, and 8 electrοns. The atοmic number οf οxygen is 8, which is equal tο the number οf prοtοns, and the number οf electrοns is equal tο the number οf prοtοns.

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No, it is not possible to fit one mole of people into a classroom.

One mole of anything is defined as the amount of that substance that contains the same number of particles as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This number is known as Avogadro's number and is equal to approximately 6.022 x 10²³.

Assuming that one person has an average mass of 70 kilograms, the mass of one mole of people would be approximately 70 kilograms x 6.022 x 10²³, which is equal to about 4.2 x 10²⁵ kilograms.

Clearly, this is an enormous mass, far too large to fit into any classroom or even any building on Earth. Therefore, it is not possible to fit one mole of people into a classroom.

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Answer:

One mole of people is 6.02x1023 people. That’s more people than there are in the entire world which is estimated to be about 7x109 people. So clearly the answer is NO.

Explanation:

34.57 grams of Li3PO4 are required to react 44 g of H2SO4, in this case.

H2SO4 mass divided by its molar mass yields the number of moles of H2SO4: 44 g divided by 98.07 g/mol, or 0.4484 mol.

Li3PO4 moles equal (2/3) x H2SO4 moles equal (2/3) x 0.4484 mol = 0.2989 mol.

Using its molar mass, we can finally get the mass of Li3PO4 needed in grams:

Li3PO4 necessary mass equals number of moles times the molar mass of Li3PO4 (0.2989 mol times 115.78 g/mol equals 34.57 g).

As a result, 44 g of H2SO4 must be utilized in the reaction along with 34.57 g of Li3PO4.

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Caustic soda or lye are two other names for sodium hydroxide. It is a typical ingredient in detergents and cleansers. Sodium hydroxide is a colorless, odorless solid at ambient temperature.

Lye and caustic soda are other names for sodium hydroxide, a chemical substance with the formula NaOH. It is a whitish, solid ionic substance made up of the cations sodium (Na+) and the anions hydroxide (OH).

At normal atmospheric temps, sodium hydroxide, an extremely corrosive base and alkali, breaks down proteins and can result in serious chemical burns. It easily draws moisture and carbon dioxide from the air due to its high water solubility. It produces a string of NaOH-nH2O hydrates. From water solutions, the monohydrate NaOHH2O crystallizes between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. This monohydrate is frequently the "sodium hydroxide" sold professionally, and it may be used in published statistics instead of the anhydrous substance.

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The reaction has a 36.43% percent yield. This suggests that part of the reactants were not transformed into products and that the reaction did not proceed to its full potential.

The mole, which is denoted by the symbol "mol," is the volume of a system that has the same number of atoms as there are in 0.012 kilo grammes of carbon 12.

The chemical equation for converting [tex]O_{2}[/tex] to [tex]O_{3}[/tex] is as follows:[tex]O_{3}[/tex]

3[tex]O_{2}[/tex] ⇒ 2[tex]O_{3}[/tex]

From above we can conclude that the equation that 3 moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] react to create 2 moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex].

By applying the  the mole ratio and molar mass of [tex]O_{3}[/tex],

the theoretical yield of O3 will be-

[tex]O_{3}[/tex] mol mass = 3 x O mol mass = 3 x 16.00 g/mol = 48.00 g/mol.

o find the number of moles of O2, we can use the formula:

moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{molar mass}[/tex]

moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{305 g}{32.00}[/tex] g/mol = 9.53 mol

The theoretical yield of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] from the balanced equation using the following formula:

Moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex] x moles of [tex]O_{2}[/tex]

= [tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex] x 9.53 mol = 6.35 mol

Mass of O3 = moles of [tex]O_{3}[/tex] x molar mass of [tex]O_{3}[/tex]

= 6.35 mol x 48.00 g/mol = 304.80 g

= 304.80 g.

Percent yield = ([tex]\frac{actual yield}{ theoretical yield}[/tex]) x 100%

Given that the actual yield = 111 g

Percent yield = ([tex]\frac{111 g }{304.80 g}[/tex]) x 100%

= 36.43%

Answer:

b option is correct

Explanation:

we cannot ever know the speed and location of the electron

To determine the number of molecules of PCI5, we need to use the following steps:

Convert the given mass of PCI5 to moles using the molar mass of PCI5.

Use Avogadro's number to convert the number of moles to molecules.

The molar mass of PCI5 can be calculated as follows:

P = 1 x 30.97 = 30.97

C = 1 x 12.01 = 12.01

I = 5 x 126.90 = 634.50

Molar mass of PCI5 = 30.97 + 12.01 + 634.50 = 677.48 g/mol

Mass to moles:

moles = mass / molar mass

moles = 77.4 g / 677.48 g/mol

moles = 0.114 moles

Moles to molecules:

One mole of any substance contains 6.022 x 10^23 particles (Avogadro's number).

Number of molecules = moles x Avogadro's number

Number of molecules = 0.114 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 mol^-1

Number of molecules = 6.87 x 10^22 molecules

Therefore, there are 6.87 x 10^22 molecules of PCI5 in 77.4g of PCI5.

Commercial preparation of copper(II) chloride involves chlorinating copper. When chlorine gas and copper are combined directly at red heat (300–400°C), the result is (molten) copper (II) chloride.

By reducing copper(II) ions in the presence of chloride ions, copper(I) chloride can be created. Potential techniques include boiling a solution of copper sulfate, sodium chloride, and ascorbic acid, or bubbling sulfur dioxide through an aqueous solution of copper(II) chloride.

Creating copper(I) chloride, often known as CuCl. Creating copper(I) chloride by reducing copper(II) chloride with sulfite ions when chloride ions are present is the intended result. Students should be able to: Identify and store inorganic compounds with unstable oxidation states at the conclusion of this lesson.

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Answer:

Carbon is found in so many different compounds due to its unique ability to form four covalent bonds with other atoms, including other carbon atoms. This means that carbon can bond with a wide variety of elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and many others, allowing it to form an enormous number of different compounds.

Furthermore, the strength of carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds allows for the formation of long chains and rings of carbon atoms, which can lead to the formation of many complex and diverse molecules, including those found in living organisms. The ability of carbon to form such a wide variety of bonds and structures makes it an extremely versatile and important element in chemistry and biology.

Explanation:

Answer: Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 10^23, which represents the number of particles (atoms or molecules) in one mole of a substance. Therefore, to calculate the number of moles of propane from the given number of molecules, we need to divide the number of molecules by Avogadro's number:

Explanation: number of moles = number of molecules / Avogadro's number

number of moles = 3.5 x 10^24 / 6.022 x 10^23

number of moles = 5.81

Therefore, the tank contains 5.81 moles of propane.

Answer:

The shift often happens when heat is applied or removed at a specific temperature

Explanation:

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