3. The human body has devised an excellent method to keep the body pH under control. a. What principle underlies the constant pH of human blood, and how does the blood achieve this

Answers

Answer 1

The normal blood pH for adult humans is 7.40, and this pH value is vigorously defended at normal body temperature

Acid base Homeostasis is the method by which body keeps a constant ph
pH is kept under check via different systems
1. Chemical system :bicarbonate buffer system(explained below )
Respiratory component :
2. Respiratory Component: The second line of dense is rapid consisting of the control the carbonic acid concentration in the ECF by changing the rate and depth of breathing by hyperventilation or hypoventilation. This blows off or retains carbon dioxide (and thus carbonic acid) in the blood plasma as required

3.Metabolic component : third line of defense is slow, best measured by the base excess,eand mostly depends on the renal system which can add or remove bicarbonate ions to or from the ECF.Bicarbonate ions are derived from metabolic carbon dioxide which is enzymatically converted to carbonic acid in the renal tubular cells.There, carbonic acid spontaneously dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.When the pH in the ECF falls, hydrogen ions are excreted into urine, while bicarbonate ions are secreted into blood plasma, causing the plasma pH to rise.The converse happens if the pH in the ECF tends to rise: bicarbonate ions are then excreted into the urine and hydrogen ions into the blood plasma.




Buffers usually consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base; this enables them to readily absorb excess H+ or OH–, keeping the system’s pH within a narrow range.

Maintaining a constant blood pH is critical to a person’s well-being. The buffer that maintains the pH of human blood involves carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate ion (HCO3–), and carbon dioxide (CO2). When bicarbonate ions combine with free hydrogen ions and become carbonic acid, hydrogen ions are removed, moderating pH changes. Similarly, excess carbonic acid can be converted into carbon dioxide gas and exhaled through the lungs; this prevents too many free hydrogen ions from building up in the blood and dangerously reducing its pH; likewise, if too much OH– is introduced into the system, carbonic acid will combine with it to create bicarbonate, lowering the pH.
Example: Antacids, which combat excess stomach acid, are another example of buffers.


ECF =Extra cellular fluid





Related Questions

Is it a good idea for humans colonize mars pls real answers :)

Answers

Answer:

I believe yes and no at the same time

Explanation:

If we do end up colonizing Mars, Earth could slowly get better as time goes on, but when we do colonize Mars, wont we just do the same thing we did to Earth?

Answer:

Yes it could be, here are the pros.. Colonizing Mars is one of the most promising backup plans for humanity . Mars is relatively close to our Earth . Colonizing Mars may become possible in just a few decades . Many celebrities support those plans . Many scientists advocate for this kind of backup plan . Extraction of additional natural resources . May help with the search for other life forms . We could learn as global human species . Humanity needs challenges to progress . Knowledge is power . May help to mitigate the overpopulation problem on Earth . Colonizing Mars is an image project . Future generations would be able to adapt quite quickly on Mars . May be a good long-term investment for institutional investors

But there are also some cons.. Colonizing Mars is extremely expensive . It takes a while to travel to Mars ; Lack of water may become a serious problem . Plenty of insecurity involved in this plan . Completely different living conditions . Humans need protective equipment before going outside . It’s freezing cold on Mars . Some people have to make the beginning . May not be justifiable from an ethical standpoint . Colonizing Mars may conflict with religion . Money can be better used to solve our problems on planet Earth . Some scientists believe that efficient live on Mars will not be possible . Quality of life on Mars would be much lower . Rather insecure food supply . Radiation may become a problem . Still unclear if living on Mars is sustainable . We would alter the balance in our universe . Colonizing Mars can be dangerous . Space exploration implies significant pollution . Other life forms may not be welcoming towards us humans . Short-term costs vs. long-term gains

In conclusion, no it would not be a good idea.

What is one type of light that can be used for photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

The majority of green light is useful in photosynthesis. The relative quantum efficiency curve (Photo 1) shows how efficiently plants use wavelengths between 300 and 800 nm. Green light is the least efficiently used color of light in the visible spectrum.

HELP ME PLEASE

What object is shown in this image?
a nebula
a red giant
a supernova
a neutron star

Answers

Answer:

d I think

Explanation:

Answer:

nebula

Explanation:

I believe it's a nebula

EASY! Please I need help, I will give brainliest.

Answers

The answer is c have a nice day!

describe the roles of membranes in an amoeba?​

Answers

Answer: cell membrane - the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the amoeba; it allows some substances to pass into the cell, and blocks other substances.

Explanation:

Answer:

The plasma membrane of a cell is a network of lipids and proteins that forms the boundary between a cell's contents and the outside of the cell.

Explanation:

Fast environmental change can be caused by and

Answers

I mean global warming is pretty fast ngl

Drag each label to the correct location.
Annie wants to study the effect of glucose on bacterial colonies. She grows two colonies of bacteria—one with glucose present in the environment and one in an environment without glucose. Categorize the statements about the experiment as either hypotheses or observations.

Glucose may cause
an increase in
bacterial growth.
The bacterial colonies grown
without glucose don’t have
capsules around their cells.
Bacterial growth in the
glucose environment
increased rapidly and
then stopped after
some time.
Increased glucose may
lead to capsule
formation in bacteria.
Reset Next

Answers

Answer:

* Glucose may cause an increase in bacterial growth - HYPOTHESIS

* The bacterial colonies grown without glucose don’t have capsules around their cells - OBSERVATION

* Bacterial growth in the glucose environment increased rapidly and then stopped after some time - OBSERVATION

* Increased glucose may lead to capsule formation in bacteria - HYPOTHESIS

Explanation:

In an experiment, a HYPOTHESIS is a predictive and testable statement that aims to answer a scientific question while an observation is made based on the results obtained.

According to this question, Annie wants to study the effect of glucose on bacterial colonies. She conducted the experiment by growing two colonies of bacteria - one with glucose present in the environment and one in an environment without glucose. Based on this experiment, the following statements are categorized as:

- Glucose may cause an increase in bacterial growth is a HYPOTHESIS

- The bacterial colonies grown without glucose don’t have capsules around their cells is an OBSERVATION

- Bacterial growth in the glucose environment increased rapidly and then stopped after some time is an OBSERVATION

- Increased glucose may lead to capsule formation in bacteria is a HYPOTHESIS

You make two agar plates: one is a nutrient agar plate (plate A) that contains histidine and penicillin. The other is a glucose salts agar (plate B) that also contains penicillin. You inoculate a sample onto both plates using replica plating technique, incubate the plates, and compare the growth after 48 hours. There are 12 colonies on the nutrient agar plate and 11 colonies on the glucose salts medium. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

a. The colony that is missing from plate B is an auxotroph that cannot synthesize histidine.
b. The prototrophs are resistant to penicillin but the auxotrophs are sensitive to this antibiotic.
c. Prototrophs and auxotrophs in this experimeſit are resistant to penicillin.
d. Approximately 92% of the bacteria in the original sample are prototrophs.
e. This experiment describes indirect selection of a mutant.

Answers

I’ll help u out of u can help me out with mines asap please

Suppose a new species of shark is discovered, and the dorsal fin length is found to be determined by additive alleles at three independently assorting loci (A, B, and C). The dorsal fin length of aabbcc sharks is 12 cm, and the dorsal fin length of AABBCC sharks is 30 cm. Assuming that the alleles contribute equally, what will be the length (in cm) of the dorsal fin of an animal with genotype AAbbcc

Answers

Answer:

The length of the dorsal fin of an animal with genotype AAbbcc is 18 cm

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files.

Question on the image below! Help please

Answers

1. Aa 2.aa 3. Aa 4. aa

g Cells called ________ influence development by controlling the fate of other cells in their local environment

Answers

Answer:

Neighboring Cells

Explanation:

Neighboring Cells are known to be the type of cells that influence development by controlling the fate of other cells in their local environment.

Typically Neighboring cells through the process often referred to as Induction simply influence the development of other cells nearby or in their local environment. This process of cell influence is either by direct cell-cell contact or through the release of practice chemical signals.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "Neighboring Cells."

can increase biodiversity. (1 point)
O Changes in temperature
O Decreasing the food supply
O Limiting mates
O Protecting land

Answers

Biodiversity is the variety of life habiting the earth's ecosystem with numerous genetics and ecosystem levels. Protecting lands will increase biodiversity.

What is biodiversity?

Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms living together in an area, that works together in an ecosystem to support life and maintain the population.

Biodiversity is affected by the temperature, food, reproduction rate, and habitat. Protecting the habitats will increase biodiversity.

Changes in temperature will affect biodiversity negatively, and decreasing food and reproduction ability will decrease the population of the biodiversity.

Therefore, option D. protecting lands can increase biodiversity.

Learn more about biodiversity here:

https://brainly.com/question/23037354

(Psychology)
An adult vervent monkey sees a Jaguar approaching. He cries out loudly, warning all the other vervent monkeys in the area of danger.

Why is this behavior considered altruistic?
A) The monkey will gain social praise for its behavior.
B) The monkey is putting itself at risk for other individuals.
C) The monkey understands that the Jaguar is not a threat.
D) The monkey does not believe others can help spread a warning.

Answers

Answer:

The monkey is putting itself at risk for other individuals.

Explanation:

The behavior of the monkey is altruistic because the monkey is putting itself at risk for the safety other individuals.

What is an altruistic behavior?

An altruistic behavior is one in which the individual put a the benefits of others above his own benefit.

An altruistuc behavior is an example of selflessness.

The monkey is exhibiting altruistic behavior by putting itself in danger in order to warn others about the jaguar.

Therefore, the behavior of the monkey is altruistic because the monkey is putting itself at risk for other individuals.

Learn more about altruistic behavior at: https://brainly.com/question/11287458

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“Scientist have long understood how nutrients move from the oceans surface to its depths. As phytoplankton die, they sink and collect on the ocean floor. But if nutrients are continually sinking to the depths of the ocean, how are surface waters replenished with nutrients? Scientist discovered that in certain regions of the ocean, the nutrients-rich deep water was upwelling, or rising to the surface”
which phrase from the paragraph helps you to understand that ocean health involves steady restoration

Answers

Answer:

"As phytoplankton die,they sink and collect on the ocean floor"......."scientist discover that in certain regions of the ocean the nutrients deep water was rising to the surface"

Explanation:

this shows steady restoration of ocean nutrients

As seen that the death of planktons lead to uprise in oceanic nutrients .the cycle just keeps going on and on

its quite self explanatory

What are the PRODUCTS in photosynthesis?

[A] Carbon dioxide (CO2) water (H20), and ATP

[B] Carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H20), and sunlight

[C] Glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2)

Answers

The answer is C.

Glucose and oxygen are products because they’re the product made after photosynthesis is complete.

In a good experimental design, the part of the experiment that is intentionally changed is the
A dependent variable.
B independent variable.
C constant
D control

Answers

Constants never change.

Controls typically don't change or they are done by standard means

(like in an experiment where you water plants with sodas, the plant you use water with is the control)

Dependent variables are the outcome of the experiment. This is the result of changing something.

Independent variables are what you are testing. A independent variable is something that is  intentionally altered.

easy way to remember it is that dependent variables depend on what other variables are. so you cant change a dependent variable, but you can change the other variables.

what is evolution?...​

Answers

Answer:

Evolution is an adjustment of the heritable attributes of natural populaces over progressive ages. These attributes are the outflows of qualities that are given from parent to posterity during generation. There are also three main types of evolution: divergent, convergent, and parallel evolution.

Explanation:

Question on the image below

Answers

The answer would be Bb, Dd, and Ee. Genotypes are heterozygous when they contain two different alleles.

Will mark brainlist if answer is correct

Answers

Answer:

A. Magnetic field

Explanation:

Hope this helps

Explain how DNA supports the theory of evolution?​

Answers

Answer:

Because there are tens of thousands of genes in humans and other organisms, DNA contains a tremendous amount of information about the evolutionary history of each organism. ... It determines evolutionary relationships among organisms, and it indicates the time in the past when species started to diverge from one another.

Some tRNAs contain inosine, which can base pair with A, C, and U. Why might this be advantageous with regards to the genetic code

Answers

The tRNAs contain I sound that base pair A C U advantageous to the species rabbit

The tRNAs contain I sound that base pair A C U advantageous to the species rabbit.

What is tRNA?

A form of RNA molecule called transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) aids in the translation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence into a protein.

Translation, which creates a protein from an mRNA molecule, uses tRNAs at particular locations on the ribosome. A protein's amino acid composition is determined by codons, which are three-nucleotide mRNA sequences.

Every codon corresponds to a distinct amino acid, and every codon is accepted by a particular tRNA. The three hairpin loops that make up the tRNA molecule's characteristic folded structure give it the appearance of a three-leafed clover.

Therefore, The tRNAs contain I sound that base pair A C U advantageous to the species rabbit.

To learn more about tRNA, refer to the link:

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What the answer there are no options

Answers

The Orbits in the diagram are not supposed to be circle, instead in real life they are in oval shapes.

In fruit Flies a white eyed female is crossed with a red eyed male. What are the changes the offspring will be a white eyed male?​

Answers

Answer:

the chances of the offspring having white eyes is 50%

Explanation:

i used a punnet square to calculate the output:)

Answer:

25%

Explanation:

There's a 50% chance of the offspring being male & 50% chance female. The genotypes must be co-dominant otherwise their question doesn't give enough information to get an anwser. Also a 50/50 chance of red/white, so added together a 25% chance.

Also, the funny thing is that remember this from 7th grade so you must be reviewing things that evreyone learned a long time ago but forgot.

formula to calculate marginal rate of substitution ​

Answers

Answer:

(MRSxy) = ∆Y/ ∆X

Explanation:

6. What regulatory processes would your body use if you were trapped by a blizzard in an unheated, uninsulated cabin in the woods (or in a heat wave with no air conditioning)

Answers

Answer:

Shivering and sweating.

Explanation:

A prolonged exposure to extreme cold environment would activate the brain's heat-gain center. Your brain's heat-gain center causes shivering in order to increase our muscle contraction which leads to warming of our body.  Increase sweating is the regulatory processes our body use if it experience very high temperature. In order to regulate internal temperature of body, our body remove water which takes up heat with itself to lower th internal temperature.

Maintaining high global biodiversity is important to provide ecosystem services to humans. Describe one cultural ecosystem service provided by diverse ecosystems.

Answers

Answer:

Ecosystem services of provision or supply

Explanation:

Ecosystem services

When talking about ecosystem services, we are referring to the benefits that ecosystems provide us. There are four types of ecosystem services:  

Provision or supply:

These are the products obtained by nature to be used or consumed, directly or with previous processing. Among them, we might mention food, clear freshwater, fertile soils, geotic materials (such as salt), raw materials (that can be used for clothing, construction), renewable fuels, biochemical compounds, pharmacological/medicinal resources, among others. Provisioning service has an impact on the economy, as many of these products are used to commercialize.  

Regulation:

Refers to ecological processes that improve life. Among others, we might mention climate regulation, CO² absorption, water purification, air purification, erosion control, natural disaster avoidance such as flooding, soil fertility maintenance, waste recycling, pests/plagues control, etc.  

Cultural:

Refers to not the material benefits. Ecosystems also provide a recreational place or area to spend time, to learn, provide a spiritual/religious space, are a source of inspiration. Ecosystems are considered to be cultural patrimony. Ecosystems are the source of scientific knowledge.

Support:

Involves ecological processes needed for the production of the other three previously mentioned services. There are five different support services:

→ Soil formation

→ Photosynthesis

→ Primary production

→ Nutrients cycles

→ Water cycle

Under certain circumstances, regulation services can also be considered support services.

Support service affects human beings indirectly, or direct but causing an effect in a long-term period.  

The table above shows the nutritional information in a bottle of pop. Drinking 16 oz of this beverage would provide which of the following?
A.
30% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 1,000 calorie diet

B.
15% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 2,000 calorie diet

C.
15% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 1,000 diet

D.
30% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 2,000 calorie diet

Answers

Answer:

30% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 2,000 calorie diet

Explanation:

Study Island

30% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 2,000 calorie diet will provide if drinking 16 oz of this beverage.

How is 30% 15% in the given table?

The table is based on 2000 calories, and one serving is 8 oz.

Thus the question is for two servings.

Which equals 30% carb of a 2k calorie diet.

What are carbohydrates?Carbohydrates are macronutrients that provide energy to our bodies in three ways.Carbohydrate-containing foods are converted into glucose or blood sugar by the digestive system during the digestion process.

Thus, we can conclude that option D is the correct option, 30% of the total carbohydrates for a person on a 2,000 calorie diet.

You can learn more about carbohydrates here:

https://brainly.com/question/336775

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What's one nonmedical way that a society can slow down the spread of influenza?
antibiotics
quarantines
vaccines
antivirals

Answers

Quarantines. All other options are medical ways.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

A biologist grows bacterial cultures to see if there is a relationship between time and growth rate. Here are the data. Which hypothesis test would you use to see if there a relationship between growth rates and time

Answers

Answer:

Direct relationship.

Explanation:

There is direct relationship between growth rates and time which means growth rate of organism increases with the passage of time. Direct relationship means if one increases the other automatically increases and if one decreases, the other also decreases. The growth of bacteria becomes double when more time passes and vice versa. After every 20 minutes, the population of bacteria becomes double.

this is an easy science question please help




Assume that a flood washed out all of the plants in a large area along the bank of a river. It left behind
nothing but soil. How will ecological succession occur in this area?

Answers

Answer:

ecological succession in this area will washout and more danger to many citizens on that area.

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