2. based on your observations, what is the function of propylene glycol and methyl oleate in a hand cream?

The charge for an ion of an element that has an outer electron configuration of ns2np3 is -3.

To be in a stable state, electrons try to make a noble gas configuration. The noble gas configuration is ns2 or ns2np6. So electrons try to gain or lose electrons to become ions. Ions have a charge according to the number of electrons captured (negative charge) or released (positive charge). The charge for an ion with the electron configuration

Ions with a negative charge are anions while ions with a positive charge are cations.

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The phrase "axial tilt" is essential to understanding why the season change , the words or phrases from the article provided context clues to the meaning of the phrase " axial tilt" is orbits and 23.5 degree offset.

The axial tilt also called as obliquity. The axial tilt is the angle between the objects rotational axis and its orbital axis  , perpendicular to the orbital plane. The axial tilt is about 23.5 degree. due to this the sun shines on different latitudes with different angle.

Thus, The phrase "axial tilt" is essential to understanding why the season change , the words or phrases from the article provided context clues to the meaning of the phrase " axial tilt" is orbits and 23.5 degree offset.

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Answer:

A: 2 and 4

Explanation:

ttt

The intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule is known as Hydrogen Bond.

An intermolecular force (IMF) known as a hydrogen bond is created when an electronegative atom with a single pair of electrons and a hydrogen atom connected to a strongly electronegative atom is in close proximity to one another. Between molecules, there are intermolecular forces (IMFs). Dispersion forces and regular dipole-dipole interactions are more examples. In general, hydrogen bonds are weaker than true covalent and ionic bonds but stronger than common dipole-dipole and dispersion forces.

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336 ml of the 11.9 m solution of NaOH do i need to make 2 liters of the 2.00 m NaOH solution

What is Chemical reaction ?

Chemical reactions happen absolutely everywhere. While we sometimes associate chemical reactions with the sterile environment of test tubes and laboratories, nothing is farther from the truth. In fact, a vast number of transformations are creating a dizzying and almost incomprehensible series of new matter and energy changes in our world every second of every day. In nature, chemical reactions can be much more difficult to control and in some cases much more complex than in the laboratory, and generally occur whether you want it or not!In the woods A raging fire, the slow rusting process of iron over the years in the presence of oxygen and water, or the delicate ripening of fruit on a tree, the transformation of various chemicals, etc... (reactants ) into another group of substances (products) is a so-called chemical reaction.

use M1V1=M2V2

V1 = M2V2/M1 = 336 ml .

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volume of HCl would you need for the neutralization is 4 ml .

What is neutralization reaction  ?

In chemistry, neutralization or neutralization (see spelling difference) is a chemical reaction in which acids and bases react quantitatively with each other. When reacting in water, neutralization does not generate excess hydrogen or hydroxide ions in solution. The pH of the neutralized solution depends on the acidity of the reactants.

In the context of chemical reactions, the term neutralization is used for reactions between acids and bases or alkalis. Historically, this reaction was expressed as

Example:

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

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Answer:

1) endothermic reaction - melting of ice to water

2) exothermic reactions - burning of candles

Explanation:

Endothermic reaction:

endothermic reactions are chemical reactions that absorb heat from the environment.

In this case, when ice is melting to turn into water it absorbs heat from its surroundings and melts.

Exothermic reaction:

exothermic reactions are chemical reactions that release heat as a form of energy when a reaction takes place.

In the case of burning a candle, the heat is released into the environment.

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4.87g of would be prepared 250mL of 0.150M solutions of COCl2 form solid COCl2 and distilled water.

Solution and solvent:

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent. Note that the solvent is the substance that is present in the greatest amount. Many different kinds of solutions exist. For example, a solute can be a gas, a liquid, or a solid.

Let us consider that the solution is dissolved in the solvent.

Here the solution is cobalt(II) chloride and the solvent is distilled water.

The volume of solute is generally ignored, so we would dissolve

250ml . L / 10³ml. 0.150 M . 129.9g/ mol ≈ 4.87g

Therefore 4.87g of cobalt(II) chloride was in approximately 250mL distilled water to create the solution.

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The molarity of iodine solution is containing 25.00 ml of 0.0002487 m ascorbic acid is 0.0002028 M.

We calculate this using ,

Let molarity and volume of ascorbic acid be M₁ and V₁

M₁ = 0.0002487 m

V₁ = 25.00 ml

Molarity of iodine be M₂ .

As , ascorbic acid + I₂ → 2I⁻ + dehydroascorbic acid

By molarity equation,

M₁ V₁ = M₂ V₂

where M₂ is Molarity of iodine and V₂ is volume if iodine.

M₂ = 0.0002487 / 25 ÷ 30.65

M₂ = 0.0002028 M

Therefore, 0.0002028 M is the molarity of the iodine.

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The model accurately depicts where protons and electrons are in the wave. The proton is in the nucleus and the electron is where it is most likely to be. This is the mechanical model of the atom.

The electron was expected to move in circular orbits according to the Bohr model. On the other hand, orbitals are used in the wave mechanical model to characterise the electron positions. The two are not the same. Protons are located inside the nucleus in the wave mechanical model of an atom, but electrons are present where they are most likely to be.

A subatomic particle with a negative charge is an electron. A subatomic particle having a positive charge is called a proton. The strong nuclear force holds protons together in the nucleus of an atom. A type of subatomic particle without charge is the neutron (they are neutral).

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Explanation:

Assume if its asking about molecule particle:

1 mol of AgNO3 = 6.022 x 10^23 molecules

0.75 mol of AgNO3 = 0.75 x 6.022 x 10^23

= 4.5165 x 10^23 molecules

Assume if its asking about atom particle:

AgNO3 has 5 elements

0.75 mol of AgNO3 = 0.75( 5 x 6.022 x 10^23)

= 2.2583 x 10^24 atoms

The option A is correct , Firstly electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy via chemical energy.

The force generated by an engine powered by electricity is what propels an electric vehicle forward. These automobiles feature an original and useful design in addition to being environmentally friendly.

What is the operation of electric cars is that the electrical energy is supplied to the engine, which uses electromagnetic interactions to convert it into mechanical energy.

Energy transformations is the process of a type of energy form transforming into a new form of energy

When they enter a magnetic field, the conductive material inside them moves, and the electric current then passes through it.

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The diluted hydrochloric acid solution had a concentration of 0.3M

what is dilution?

Dilution is the application of a solvent that reduces the concentration of the solute with in solution. Concentration is the elimination of solvent, which raises the concentration of the solute in the solution.

The hydrochloric acid chemical formula is HCL,

if 1 liter of the HCL has 12mol, then 4.90ml or 0.0049 L of solution has 0.058 moles,

When the acid solution was diluted , we will get 175ml or 0.175 L  

so as we dilute the solution we will have the change in the concentration and that is calculated

0.058/0.175=0.3314

=0.3M

So the concentration of the solution that is diluted was found to be 0.3M

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Answer:

So the answer to the question “What is the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in 2.0-molar hydrochloric acid?” is 73 grams per liter.

It is critical to insert the gas syringe immediately after adding the yeast solution to the sugar in the Erlenmeyer flask so that the gas syringe must capture all the gas generated from each sugar in the first minute if the results for all the sugars are to be compared.

An Erlenmeyer flask which is also known as a conical flask or a titration flask, is a type of laboratory flask which features a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck.

The most common type of Erlenmeyer Flask is merely the flat- bottomed, used widely in laboratories.

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Titanium is also utilized in the construction of portable computer housings and medical implants. Despite being the ninth most prevalent element in the crust of the Earth, titanium is relatively challenging to extract from its ores. Titanium-containing oxide minerals react with solid carbon and chlorine gas to produce titanium tetrachloride and carbrabon dioxide in the first step of the extraction process.

therefore,

5.01+7.86=12.87

12.87/2.47=19.1%

Yeild Percentage is 19.1%

Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic elements or compounds with an organized internal structure, a distinctive chemical composition, crystal shape, and physical characteristics. The yield percentage is 19.1%. Quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole, olivine, titanium, and calcite are examples of common minerals.

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In an ecosystem, the effect of the chemical industry  which is a positive one is advancements in medicine.

Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.

Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.

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Answer:

False for the first, true for second.

Explanation:

ATP is cellular energy and it needs to be recharged after it is used. That half dead is called adp.

The statement energy is released from ATP when it reacts with water to produce ADP is False, while the statement the information that cells need to direct their metabolic process is stored in RNA is True.

ATP is the energy source of cells generated by cellular respiration and anaerobic processes, while  RNA is a molecule obtain by the transcription process which is used to generate proteins during metabolic activities such as differentiation.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that ATP is the energy coin of cells, while cells generate RNA during transcription.

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The quantity of glycine present in analyte as measured by titration is 3mmol.

This titration calculation can be done using dimensional analysis. All values should first be converted to scientific notation: 60 mL NaOH is equal to 6 x 10-2 L NaOH. 1 x 10-1 mol NaOH/L NaOH is equal to 0.1 M NaOH. For every mole of glycine present in the analyte, 2 moles of NaOH have been supplied at the second equivalence point. This is due to the fact that one OH- was necessary to scavenge the COOH group, and a second OH- was required to scavenge the amine. To take this into consideration, we must adjust our computation. Finally: (6 x 10-2 L NaOH) x (10-1 mol NaOH / L NaOH) x (1 mol glycine / 2 mol NaOH) = 3 x 10-3 mol = 3.0 mmol glycine.

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The volume of a 2.0 m solution of NaOH needed to prepare 494.4 ml of a 0.15 m solution of NaOH is 37.08 ml.

Dilution is defined as the process in which the concentration of a sample is decreased by adding more solvent. The dilution formula is given below.

C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

where C₁ = initial concentration of sample = 2.0 m

V₁ = initial volume of sample

C₂ = final concentration after dilution = 0.15 m

V₂ = total final volume after dilution = 494.4 ml

Plug in the values to the formula and solve for the volume of the solution needed.

V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁

V₁ = (0.15 m)(494.4 ml)/(2.0 m)

V₁ = 37.08 ml

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The statement which best describes the most likely effect of the mismatch on future birds is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the birds and is therefore denoted as option C.

This is referred to as the process in which an offspring is produced from their parent or cells and involves the fusion of gametes.

In the effect of mismatch on future birds, there will be a reduction in the birds getting a mate which therefore shift to later reproduction and is therefore the reason why option C was chosen as the correct choice.

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The statement that describes the most likely effect of the mismatch on future birds is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the

birds.

So option C is correct.

Reproduction is described as the biological process by which new individual organisms offspring are produced from their "parent" or parents.

If there is mismatch on future birds, one of the many effects is that there could be a shift to later reproduction in the birds which the consequences of such mistiming in reproduction are reduced reproductive output.

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The ph of a solution obtained by dissolving two extra-strength aspirin tablets is 8.

The Concentration of solution is a measure of the quantity of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or answer. A concentrated answer is one that has a rather huge quantity of dissolved solute.

Calculation:-

volume = 300 ml = 0.3 L

mass = 450 mg

molar mass  C₉H₈O₄ = 180

mole = mass / molar mass

       =  450/180

      = 2.5 mol

Concentration = mole/volume

                         = 2.5 /0.3

                         =   8.33

PH = - llog[H+]

     = 8.

The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute found in a given amount of solution. Concentrations are normally expressed in terms of molarity, defined because of the variety of moles of solute in 1 L of answer.

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Solute is the substance in a solution that has been dissolved. So option 4 is correct.

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, a solute is a substance dissolved in another substance known as a solvent. The concentration of a solute in solution is a measure of how well that solute is dissolved in a solvent, in terms of how much of that solvent, such as a salt, is present. The properties of solutes are:

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Acetylene (C₂H₂) is used in welding torches, because it produces an extremely hot flame when it burns.  grams of carbon dioxide are formed in the combustion of 6.50 g of acetylene is 22 g.

the balanced reaction is given as :

2C₂H₂   +   5O₂    ----->    4CO₂  +   2H₂O

mass of C₂H₂  = 6.50 g

molar mass of C₂H₂ = 26 g/mol

number of moles of C₂H₂  = mass / molar mass

                                            = 6.50 / 26

                                             = 0.25 mol

2 moles of C₂H₂  produced 4 moles of CO₂

0.25 mol of C₂H₂ produced = (4 / 2) × 0.25 = 0.5 mol of CO₂ .

mass of CO₂  = molar mass × moles

                      =    44        × 0.5

                      = 22 g

Thus, Acetylene (C₂H₂) is used in welding torches, because it produces an extremely hot flame when it burns.  grams of carbon dioxide are formed in the combustion of 6.50 g of acetylene is 22 g.

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The number of moles of argon gas contained in a 4.00 l container at 1620. kpa and 25.0 °C. if the gas is helium instead of argon, the number mole did not change because number of moles is independent of the type of gas.

given that :

volume of gas = 4.00 L

pressure of gas = 1620 kpa = 15.9 atm

temperature = 273 + 25 = 298 K

R is gas constant = 0.082 L atm K / mol

according to ideal gas equation :

P V = nRT

n = P V / RT

  =  (15.9 × 4 ) / 0.082 × 298

  = 63.6 / 24.4

   = 2.6 mol

it is clear from the above equation the moles is independent of type of gas.

Thus, The number of moles of argon gas contained in a 4.00 l container at 1620. kpa and 25.0 °C. if the gas is helium instead of argon, the number mole did not change because number of moles is independent of the type of gas.

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0.021 moles of KCN are required, to prepare a buffer with a pH of 9.230

A buffer, an aqueous solution consists of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa. Addition of a small amount of strong acid or strong base hardly changes the pH.

Given,

Volume = 125 mL

Concentration of HCN = 0.420 M

pH = 9.230

Moles of HCN = Volume × Concentration

= 0.125 × 0.420

= 0.0525 moles

HCN + KOH ⇄ KCN + H₂O

0.0525 + X   ⇄    0                     [initially]

(0.0525 - X) + 0  ⇄ X                  [At equilibrium]

pH = pKₐ + log [salt]/[acid]

9.230 = 9.31 + log [salt]/[acid]

-0.08 = log [salt]/[acid]

0.83 = [salt]/[acid]

X / (0.0525 - X) = 0.83

X = 0.021 moles of KCN

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Structures produced by the catalytic reduction of the given compound, in which H₂ is in excess are attached as a picture.

Upon the catalytic reduction of the given compound 1-ethylcyclohexa-1,4-diene (missing in question) by using excess hydrogen, two compounds (1R,2S)-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane and (1S,2R)-1-ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane results. One compound has R,S configuration and the other has S,R configuration. By using the CIP rules priorities are given to the groups attached to the chiral carbon. CIP rules are based on the atomic masses of the groups attached so the minimum number is given to the group having the highest atomic mass. As it is a mixture of two enantiomers so we can call it a recemic mixture.

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The volume of oxygen is 14.7 litres.

What is volume?

volume is a measure of occupied three dimensional space.

Sol-Balanced chemical reaction: C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.

m(C₃H₈-propane) = 5.53 g.

n(C₃H₈) = m(C₃H₈) ÷ M(C₃H₈).

n(C₃H₈) = 5.53 g ÷ 44.1 g/mol.

n(C₃H₈) = 0.125 mol.

From chemical reaction: n(C₃H₈) : n(O₂) = 1 : 5.

n(O₂) = 0.625 mol.

T = 25° = 298.15K.

p = 1.04 atm.

R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K.

Ideal gas law: p·V = n·R·T .

V(O₂) = n·R·T / p.

V(O₂) = 0.625 mol · 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K · 298.15 K / 1.04 atm.

V(O₂) = 14.7 L.

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You weighed out 0.50 g of zinc chloride salt instead of the 0.32 g required for the experiment.  it will not affect the empirical formula obtained.

The empirical formula is calculated by the number of moles of substances.  if we increase the number of mass of zinc chloride it will increase the number of moles of zinc and the chlorine. that would divide the number of moles to obtain the ratio. so, by increasing the weight of zinc chloride there will be no effect in the empirical formula . they will remain in same proportion.

Thus, You weighed out .50 g of zinc chloride salt instead of the .32 g required for the experiment.  it will not affect the empirical formula obtained.

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An oxygen containing compound shows strong, broad ir absorption at 3200 - 3500 cm⁻¹  the functional group present is carboxylic acid

A carboxylic acid is the functional group combine the feature of alcohol and ketones because it has both the OH bond and C=O bond and therefore carboxylic acid show a very strong and broad band covering a wide range between 2800 to 3500 cm⁻¹ for the OH strech and the range 2850 to 3000cm⁻¹ belong to saturated system while peak 3000 to 3100 indicate an unsaturated system and ir absorption is caused by the interaction between the IR electric field vector and the molecular dipole transition moments related to the molecular vibration

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